推荐回答(2个)
在大师渐行渐远的今天,季羡林先生其人其文可谓鲁殿灵光。他在谈起王力的贡献与风格时,以“中西融化,龙虫并雕”厘定,堪为精当之言。其实,以此反瞻季先生的精神旅途,可发现以抟龙缚虎之手潜心于名山事业的季先生,以调和鼎鼐之手谱就貌淡实浓的篇什的季先生,笑吟吟地走来。而他的《留德十年》,似可看作上述的注脚。徜徉于他倾心倾力营造的葳蕤之林,历史的洞透力、文学的感染力,蕴藉其中。以文史并蓄,来涵盖此书的特点,也许是妥切的吧?
1935年9月至1945年10月的十年寒暑,季先生在德国学习、工作,人生最美丽的季节伴着异邦月色。《留德十年》作为他的自传,以求学为主线,以师友还往为半径,辅之以斯时德国政治、经济、文化态势及迥异的风土人情,不仅再现了扬帆于学海的苦乐,还从民间这个角度,保留了诸多富赡的社会演进的史料,提神醒脑的人生感悟又流布其间。提起这本书的缘起,他说:“像我这样的知识分子,已经活到了将近耄耋之年,古稀之年早已甩在背后了,而且经历了几个时代;在中国历史上,也是一个难能可贵的机会;我这样的经历,过去知识分子经历者恐怕不是太多。我对世事沧桑的阅历,人情世态的体会,恐怕有很多值得别人借鉴的地方。”
将这不寻常的十年,置于季先生的人生坐标上,不难发现,它奠定了其志业的厚基。因而,对耳提面命的瓦尔德施米特、西克、西克灵、布劳恩、冯·格林等,他没齿难忘,在书中不吝笔墨,描摹了他们的气度与风骨。季先生在老师的鼎力指导下,不仅通晓梵文、巴利文、吐火罗文等,更获知了做人的道理。此后,无论遭遇什么风浪与困厄,他都能坦然以对,显然可从这十年中觅得原因。
对季先生的留德十年,《季羡林传》的作者蔡德贵说:这十年,季先生与德国人同呼吸,共命运,有福同享,有难同当。因而他的自传,若一帧斑斓多彩的风俗画,采撷了德国人这十年生活中的浪花。而地毯式轰炸,难熬的饥饿,有国难回,美军反攻德国等,又将我们领进了那个曾逝去的岁月。至于师友如切如磋,听诗遣兴,更让人分享了季先生的逸趣。
显然,这本书可看作一部史书。它以日记为依凭,展示了自己的酸甜苦辣,还以点点滴滴的资料,诠释那个五味杂陈的时代。它以草根史学的力量与厚度,成为对那个时期或隐或显的社会变动的温故。因此,无论谁作季先生的传记,要勾勒他这一时期的行迹,不以这本书为母本,恐是难胜其力的。
只写事实,是季先生为本书确定的原则。无疑,他臻于不掩恶、不虚美的境地。但一草一木,一人一事,被他赋予了生命和灵性,这本书又是浑然天成的散文,不经意间流淌出的哲思和达观的人生姿态,实为其亮色,那朴实和平易让人敬畏(谢冕语),以至于牛汉将他戏称为“老生代”作家的代表。本乎此,或许可品得“真僧只说家常话”、“欲造平淡难”的三味了。
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