《极陈时弊十事》的文言文翻译是什么?

2025-02-26 04:56:53
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

翻译:极力奏陈其时社会弊病十件事

“极陈时弊十事”

出处:《明史·傅珪传》

原文:

傅珪,字邦瑞,清苑人。成化二十三年进士。改庶吉士。弘治中,授编修,寻兼司经局校书。与修《大明会典》成,迁左中允。武宗立,以东宫恩,进左谕德,充讲官,纂修《孝宗实录》。时词臣不附刘瑾,瑾恶之。谓《会典》成于刘健等多所糜费镌与修者官降珪修撰俄以《实录》成进左中允再迁翰林学士历吏部左右侍郎。正德六年,代费宏为礼部尚书。礼部事视他部为简,自珪数有执争,章奏遂多。帝好佛,自称“大庆法王”。番僧乞田百顷为法王下院,中旨下部,称大庆法王与圣旨并。珪佯不知,执奏:“孰为大庆法王?敢与至尊并书,大不敬。”诏勿问,田亦竟止。珪居闲类木讷者。及当大事,毅然执持,人不能夺,卒以此忤权幸去。教坊司臧贤请易牙牌,制如朝士,又请改铸方印。珪格不行。贤日夜腾谤于诸阉间,冀去珪。流寇扰河南,太监陆訚谋督师,下廷议,莫敢先发。珪厉声曰:“师老民疲,贼日炽,以冒功者多,偾事者漏罚,失将士心。先所遣已无功,可复遣耶?今贼横行郊圻肘腋间,民嚣然思乱,祸旦夕及宗社。吾侪死不偿责,诸公安得首鼠两端。”由是议罢。疏上,竟遣訚,而中官皆憾珪。御史张羽奏云南灾。珪因极言四方灾变可畏。八年五月,复奏四月灾,因言:“春秋二百四十二年,灾变六十九事。今自去秋来,地震天鸣,雹降星殒,龙虎出见,地裂山崩,凡四十有二,而水旱不与焉,灾未有若是甚者。”极陈时弊十事,语多斥权幸,权幸益深嫉之。会户部尚书孙交亦以守正见忤,遂矫旨令二人致仕。两京言官交章请留,不听。珪归三年,御史卢雍称珪在位有古大臣风,家无储蓄,日给为累,乞颁月廪、岁隶,以示优礼。又谓珪刚直忠谠,当起用。吏部请如雍言,不报。而珪适卒,年五十七。遣命毋请恤典。抚、按以为言,诏廕其子中书舍人。嘉靖元年录先朝守正大臣,追赠太子少保,谥文毅。

翻译:

傅珪,字邦瑞,清苑人。成化二十三年进士。改任庶吉士。弘治年中,授予编修一职,不久兼任司经局校书。参与编修《大明会典》完成,迁任左中允。武宗即位,因为东宫恩赐,升任左谕德,充当为皇帝经筵进讲的官员,编修《孝宗实录》。当时文学侍从不攀附刘瑾,刘瑾很憎恨他们,说《大明会典》在刘健等人手中完成,耗费很多,要求削减参与编修者的官职,降傅珪为修撰。不久因为《孝宗实录》编成,傅珪升任左中允,再升翰林学士,历任吏部左、右侍郎,正德六年代替费宏担任礼部尚书。礼部的事务与其它各部比较相对简单,但从傅珪开始多次直言规劝,章奏就多了起来。皇帝喜好佛,自称大庆法王。西域僧人求百顷田地作法王下院,皇帝的亲笔命令下到部里,说大庆法王的命令与圣旨等同。傅珪假装不知道,执意上奏说:“谁是大庆法王,敢与皇帝并列 ,是对皇帝大不敬。”皇帝下诏不过问,求田之事也最终停止。傅珪闲居时类似木讷不会说话的人,到担当大事时,毅然固执地坚持自己的意见,他人不能改变,最终因为这忤逆权贵佞臣而离职。教坊司乐官臧贤请求换牙牌,式样要做得像朝廷官员的一样,又请求重新铸造他自己的方印,傅珪阻止没有做成。臧贤经常在阉党面前指责傅珪,盼望着除去傅珪。御史张羽奏报云南灾情,傅 珪趁此竭力陈说四方灾害可怕。正德八年五月,再次奏报四月灾情,傅珪于是进言说:“春秋二百四十二年,灾害六十九次。现今从去年秋天以来,地震雷鸣,天降冰雹,辰星坠落,龙虎出现,地裂山崩,总共四十二次,加之水涝旱灾不断,灾害没有像这样严重的。” 极力奏陈其时社会弊病十件事,话语多指斥受宠的权贵,权贵愈加痛恨他。恰逢户部尚书孙交也因为恪守正道被欺凌,阉党就假托帝王诏命令二人退休。长安和洛阳监官和谏官交互向皇帝上书请求二人留任,皇帝不听。傅珪归家三年,御史卢雍称赞傅珪在位有古大臣风范,家里没有积蓄,每天为吃饭发愁,乞求发放每月的禄米和仆人每年的食米,以表示朝廷对官员的优待。又认为傅珪刚正忠实,敢于直言,应当起用,吏部按照卢雍的话上奏,没有回复。傅珪去世,终年五十七岁。嘉靖元年录入先朝守正大 臣,追赠太子少保,谥号文毅。

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