推荐回答(2个)
一、葡萄树叶子发黄干枯原因和解决方法
1、浇水不当
葡萄树缺水和浇水过多都会引起植株出现叶子发黄和枯萎现象的。植株水分不够,叶子会最先感知到,当叶片缺水之后叶绿素自然会变少,叶子就会发黄,浇水多了之后,植株根部吸满水之后,就运送不了氧气,也会让叶子发黄的。
解决方法:葡萄树浇水一定要适量,浇水量要根据天气而定,炎热干旱的夏季需要经常补充水分,要是雨季时期的话,就不要浇水,还要控制水流,不要让土壤中积水过多。
2、施肥不当
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很多人不知道葡萄树叶子发黄干枯怎么办,其实我们要是在养殖过程中施肥不当,也是会让葡萄树叶子变黄。施肥过勤会引起土壤中营养过多,植株承受不了,叶子就会变黄。要是施肥少了之后土壤中氮、磷和钾养分太少,植株叶片营养不够,也会慢慢枯黄。
解决方法:葡萄树的施肥量一定要控制,最好做到勤施淡肥。时间也不要过于频繁,尤其在施加磷肥和钾肥的时候,适当松土,才能让葡萄树的叶子桁架翠绿和茂密。平时施些碧卡水溶肥即可。
3、药害
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葡萄树是可以产水果的,所以在养殖的时候很多果农都会提前打药防虫害,但是殊不知,有时候打药也是会引起葡萄树植株上面的叶子变黄的,而且因为药害引起的黄叶一黄就是一大片,看上去十分骇人。
解决方法:要是药害引起葡萄树叶子变黄,需要向葡萄树植株多浇一点水分,将喷洒的药水尽量稀释一点。然后多晒晒太阳,光合作用之后就可以缓解叶子变黄现象。
4、病害
若是葡萄树植株患上叶斑病之后,也是会出现叶片发黄现象的。叶斑病其实就是受到真菌和一些病菌感染引起的,这样的病症会使得叶片局部坏死,然后慢慢扩散,还有蚧壳虫和红蜘蛛病症,也会引起葡萄树叶片发黄的现象。
解决方法:葡萄树出现叶斑病的话一定要对全树喷洒50%的多菌灵可湿性粉剂,用500倍的水稀释之后喷洒。蚧壳虫和红蜘蛛虫害的话就要用牙刷沾肥皂水刷叶片有病虫的地方,然后用毒死蜱或是噻嗪酮等除虫药喷洒植株来除虫害。
二、怎样预防葡萄树叶子发黄干枯
1、阳光充足
葡萄树是一种喜光性植物,在养殖的时候一定要在保证充足的光线才能够使植株生长旺盛,春天秋天和冬天都可以全天日晒,但是夏天温度超过36℃之后,就要适量荫蔽了,盆栽要移放到散光环境,如果是葡萄架,就要遮光30%。
2、适量浇水
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葡萄树的浇水量既不可以过多也不能够过少,水分过多会减少植株的含氧量,使得葡萄的果实甜味变淡。浇水最好保持春秋2~3天浇水1次最好,夏天的时候需要早晚各一次少量浇水,冬天5~8天浇水一次,时时保证土壤微湿状态。
3、淡肥勤施
葡萄施肥量多才可以让植株叶绿果甜,施肥时间也有忌讳,不能在炎热的夏季施肥,也不能在寒冷的冬天施肥。春天生长期15~20天施肥一次,秋季20~30天施肥一次碧卡颗粒肥,保证葡萄树冬季的养分充足。春天用磷肥和氮肥,秋天用自制的腐熟动物粪便肥料。
4、修剪枝叶
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葡萄树需要修剪枝叶才会让植株的叶子常绿,修剪掉病弱枝条,还有那些老化的叶子。这样以来才能保证新叶子的营养,叶片养分够,叶子才会碧绿,果子也会十分清甜。
葡萄黄叶是土壤盐碱化、光照不足、缺少铁元素等。
定期修剪葡萄树上多余的枝叶;增加松土的次数,以免土壤板结,同时还能增强其根系吸收养分的能力;将硫酸亚铁溶液(一环)装入瓶中,然后挖开树盘,将瓶子埋入土中并将葡萄树的根系(粗度为0.5厘米左右)插入瓶中,每株埋2瓶,最后再覆盖上土壤即可。
应用养分全面的有机和无机叶面肥进行补救,补充葡萄植株所需的氮、磷、钾、铁、锰、钼、铜、锌、钙、镁、硫等全价营养元素,喷300~500倍黄腐酸盐或氨基酸复合肥加300~500倍微肥二氢钾,连喷3~5遍,间隔5~7天。黄腐酸盐富含具有调节作用的腐植酸,可增强树势,调节生理机能,增加矿质养分,提高植物体的抗逆性。
萄缺铁黄叶病采用地下埋瓶吸铁法矫治效果很好。用1环硫酸亚铁溶液装入100ml的瓶中,挖开树盘,找到0.5cm左右粗的根系,插入瓶中,塞牢瓶口埋入土中,每株埋2瓶,一周后病株叶片复绿,此法可获得明显而长期的效果。
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