推荐回答（2个）
第四章 教师与学生
第一节 教师及其职业素养 一、教师的概念
教师，是传递和传播人类文明的专职人员，是学校教育职能的主要实施者。教师是学校教育工作的主要实施者，根本任务是教书育人。 二、教师职业
（一）教师职业的性质
教师是履行教育教学职责的专业人员，承担教书育人、培养社会主义事业建设者和接班人、提高民族素质的使命。 （二）教师的职业角色
1.学者和学习者 2.知识传授者 3.示范者 4.管理者 5.朋友 6.研究者 三、教师劳动的特点
（一）教师劳动的复杂性和创造性 （二）连续性和广延性 （三）长期性和间接性 （四）主体性和示范性 四、教师的威信
（一）教师威信的概念
教师威信有两种：权力威信、信服威信 （二）建立教师威信的途径 1.培养自身良好的道德品质
2.培养良好的认知能力和性格特征
3.注重良好仪表、风度和行为习惯的养成 4.给学生以良好的第一印象 5.做学生的朋友与知己 五、教师的职业素养
（一）教师的职业道德素养
1.忠于人民的教育事业 2.热爱学生 3.团结协作 4.为人师表 （二）教师的知识素养
1.政治理论修养 2.精深的专业知识 3.广博的文化基础知识 4.必备的教育科学知识 （三）教师的能力素养
1.语言表达能力 2.组织管理能力 3.组织教育和教学的能力 4.自我调控和自我反省的能力 （四）职业心理健康
1.高尚的师德 2.愉悦的情感 3.良好的人际关系 4.健康的人格 六、教师专业发展
（一）教师专业发展的概念
教师专业发展是指教师作为专业人员，在专业思想、专业知识、专业能力等方面不断完善的过程，即由一个专业新手逐渐发展成为一个专家型教师的过程。 （二）教师专业发展的内容 （三）教师专业发展的途径 第二节 学生 一、学生的特点
（一）学生是教育的对象（客体）
从学生自身特点看，学生具有可塑性、依赖性和向师性
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