已知设计要求的混凝土强度等级为C20,水泥用量为280kg⼀m대,水的用量为195kg⼀m대,水泥
推荐回答(1个)
因为C20混凝土的配制强度为29.87MPa;而使用国标32.5级普通水泥所能配制出的混凝土强度为23.07MPa,所以混凝土强度没有保证。
五、计算题
1.欲配制C30混凝土,要求强度保证率95%,则混凝土的配制强度为多少?
若采用普通水泥,卵石来配制,试求混凝土的水灰比.
已知:水泥实际强度为48MPa,A=0.46,B=0.07
解:fcu,0=30+1.645×5.0=38.2 MPa
fcu=Afce(C/W-B)
即 38.2=0.46×48(C/W-0.07)
∴W/C=0.56
2.某材料的密度为2.68g/cm3,表观密度为2.34 g/cm3,720克绝干的该材料浸水饱和后擦干表面并测得质量为740克。求该材料的孔隙率、质量吸水率、体积吸水率、开口孔隙率、闭口孔隙率和视密度(近似密度)。(假定开口孔全可充满水)
.解: 孔隙率 P=(1-2.34/2.68)×100%=12.7%
质量吸水率 β=(740-720)/720=2.8%
体积吸水率 β’=2.8%×2.34=6.6%
开孔孔隙率 P开=β’=6.6%
闭口孔隙率 P闭=P-P开=12.7%-6.6%=6.1%
视密度 ρ’=m/(V+V闭)=ρ0/(1-P+P闭)
=2.34/(1-12.7%+6.1%)
=2.50 g/cm3
3. 已知混凝土试拌调整合格后各材料用量为:水泥5.72kg,砂子9.0kg,石子为18.4kg,水为4.3kg。并测得拌合物表观密度为2400kg/m3,试求其基准配合比(以1m3混凝土中各材料用量表示)。
若采用实测强度为45MPa的普通水泥,河砂,卵石来配制,试估算该混凝土的28天强度(A=0.46,B=0.07)。
解: 基准配合比为
C=5.72×2400/(5.72+9+18.4+4.3)=367 kg
S=9×2400/(5.72+9+18.4+4.3)=577 kg
G=18.4×2400/(5.72+9+18.4+4.3)=1180 kg
W=4.3×2400/(5.72+9+18.4+4.3)=275 kg
fcu=0.46×45×(367/275-0.07)
=26.2 MPa
4.已知某材料的密度为2.50g/cm3, 视密度为2.20g/cm3, 表观密度为2.00g/cm3 。试求该材料的孔隙率、开口孔隙率和闭口孔隙率。
解:孔隙率P=(1-2/2.5)×100%=20%
开口孔隙率P开=(1-2/2.2)×100%
闭口孔隙率 P闭=P-P开
5. 已知砼的施工配合比为1:2.40:4.40:0.45,且实测混凝土拌合物的表观密度为2400kg/m3.现场砂的含水率为2.5%,石子的含水率为1%。试计算其实验室配合比。(以1m3混凝土中各材料的用量表示,准至1kg)
解:mc=1×2400/(1+2.4+4.4+0.45)
ms=2.4mc/(1+2.5%)
mg=4.4mc/(1+1%)
mw=0.45mc+2.5%ms+1%mg
6.混凝土的设计强度等级为C25,要求保证率95%,当以碎石、42.5普通水泥、河砂配制混凝土时,若实测混凝土7 d抗压强度为20MPa,则混凝土的实际水灰比为多少?能否达到设计强度的要求?(A=0.48,B=0.33,水泥实际强度为43MP)
.解: 实际混凝土 f28=f7×lg28/lg7
=20×lg28/lg7=34.2 MPa
C25混凝土要求:fcu=25+1.645×5=33.2 MPa
∵f28=34.2 MPa>fcu=33.2 MPa
∴达到了设计要求.
又fcu=Afce(C/W-B)
即34.2=0.48×43×(C/W-0.33)
∴W/C=0.50
7、一块标准的普通粘土砖,其尺寸为240×115×53mm,已知密度为2.7g/cm3,干燥时质量为2500g,吸水饱和时质量为2900g。求:(1)材料的干表观密度。
(2)材料的孔隙率。
(3)材料的体积吸水率。
解: (1)根据1、ρ0=m/v=2500/240×115×53=1.7 g/cm3
(2)、P=1-ρ0/ρ=1-1.7/2.7=37%
(3)、Wv= Wmρ0=(2900-2500)/2500?1.7=27%
8、计算某大桥混凝土设计强度等级为C40,强度标准差为6.0Mpa,用52.5级硅酸盐水泥,实测28d的抗压强度为58.5 Mpa,已知水泥密度ρC=3.10g/cm3,中砂,砂子表观密度 ρOS=3.10g/cm3,碎石,石子表观密度ρOG=278g/cm3。自来水。已知:A=0.46,B=0.07,单位用水量为195kg/m3,砂率Sp=0.32 含气量百分数为ɑ=1,求该混凝土的初步配合比?(W/C最大水灰比为0.60,水泥最小用量为280 kg/m3)
解:(1) fcu,t=fcu,k+1.645σ fcu,t=40+1.645×6= 49.87Mpa
(2) W/C=Afce/fcu,t+ABfce W/C=0.46×58.5/49.87+0.46×0.07×58.5=0.52
(3) 因为0.52<0.60,所以C0=W0/W/C=195/0.52=375kg,因为375>280,所以C0=375kg
根据体积法求砂、石用量
C0/ρC+W0/ρW+S0/ρos+G0/ρoG+0.01α=1
S0/ S0+G0=SP 所以
375/3100+195/1000+ S0/3100+G0/2780+0.01 =1
S0/ S0+G0=0.32
所以S0=616 G0=1310
所以该混凝土的初步配合比:水泥:375kg 砂子:616kg 石子:1310kg 水:195kg
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