关于盐中含碘的问题

2024-11-28 12:39:26
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

  碘在人的生理活动中至关重要,原因是当碘以化合态进入肌体后,随着血液循环到甲状腺组织,在过氧化酶、缩合酶的作用下起有机氧化-还原反应,使化合态的碘变成有机碘,参与合成甲状腺激素活动,以维持正常的生理平衡。如果人体缺乏碘就会使甲状腺激素的合成和释放减少,长期下去就会导致甲状腺机能亢进,严重的就形成甲状腺肿。此病是目前已知的导致人类智力损害的主要原因。国家为了消除碘缺乏症,在食盐加工时常掺入一些碘化钾或碘酸钾,称为含碘食盐。在食盐中掺入十万分之一的碘化钾就能满足人体对碘的需要。

  怎样鉴别从市场上买来的食盐是否含碘呢?下面介绍检验的方法:

  1.所用试剂的配制

  (1)A液:在100 mL0.5%的淀粉糊中加入1 mL磷酸和1 mL1%的碘酸钾(KIO3)溶液或3%的双氧水(H2O2),摇匀后装入洁净的瓶中备用。

  (2)B液:在100mL0.5%的淀粉糊中加入1 mL磷酸和1 mL1%的碘化钾(KI)溶液,摇匀后装入洁净的瓶中备用。

  2.检验方法

  取一小摄食盐放在玻璃片上,用滴管将A液滴一滴在食盐上,若很快显现蓝色,证明是含碘盐,颜色越浓,说明含碘量越高。

  其化学方程式是:KIO3+5KI+2H3PO4=2K3PO4+3I2+3H2O或者用3%的H2O2:6KI+3H2O2+2H3PO4=2K3PO4+3I2+6H2O

  如果在食盐中滴入A液不显蓝色,可再用B液用同样的方法重新检验。若变蓝色说明是含碘盐,如果不变色说明食盐中不含碘。其化学反应原理与A液一样。如果只用A液就能检验出食盐中含碘,说明食盐中含碘化钾;如果只用B液就能检验出盐中含碘,说明食盐中含碘酸钾。从1989年起我国盐场的食盐均加入碘酸钾,而不再掺碘化钾,其原因是:碘化钾味咸而苦,口感差。在潮湿的空气中会潮解,在空气中易被氧化析出碘而流失,若日晒雨淋便加速其流失。而碘酸钾在常温下不易分解,可长期保存。故国家对食盐标准及碘酸钾的含量有严格的规定,并成为防治碘缺乏病的法定调味品。在碘盐包装袋上明文标注:出厂时碘酸钾的含量应达到≥40 mg/kg,销售时碘酸钾的含量应达到≥30 mg/kg,以保障人民的身体健康。

回答2:

那个液体应该是淀粉混悬液(淀粉不溶于水,所以不能说是溶液),碘遇淀粉会即时变蓝,速度非常快,所以淀粉是检验碘或碘离子的最好的试剂.

回答3:

盐里面含的碘是以碘酸钾(KIO3)的形式存在,使用淀粉溶液可以检验

回答4:

淀粉,中学老师没告诉你可以用淀粉检验碘吗?

回答5:

越多越好

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