象素与渲染管线是相同的吗

2025-03-12 13:23:11
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

  1300XT是由1600PRO改名而来,核心和规格都没有变化,1300XT原生只有4条象素渲染管线,有12个像素处理单元。

  在告别了备受期待但是并不成功的X800系列之后,ATI终于屈服于Shader Model 3.0。从X1000系列开始,ATI全线产品支持Shader Model 3.0以及HDR技术。但是在极为关键的中端市场竞争中,ATI再次出了败招,那就是X1600。作为力拼GeForce 6600GT甚至GeForce 7300GT的新品,X1600一度被寄予厚望。然而,其所谓的12管线有着太多的水分,而ATI的这项超前技术最终面临尴尬。

  ATI X1600有些刚愎自用

  一条管线内置多个工作单元已经不是什么新技术,以前的GeForce4 Ti以及Radeon 8500等显卡都运用过这些技术。与纯粹依靠单管线相比,这种方式能够在纹理填充以及像素计算方面展现出一定的优势。不过此时的实际工作能力并非简单的相乘关系,而且其中的复杂关系很难评判。在ATI最新推出的X1600 GPU中,只有四条渲染管线,但是每条管线拥有3个像素填充单元。

  如今我们对于一条流水线定义是“Pixel Shader(像素着色器)+TMU(纹理单元)+ROP(光栅化引擎,ATI将其称为Render Back End)。从功能上简单的说,Pixel Shader完成像素处理,TMU负责纹理渲染,而ROP则负责像素的最终输出,因此,一条完整的传统流水线意味着在一个时钟周期完成1个Pixel Shader运算,输出1个纹理和1个像素。以GeForce 6600LE为例,一块传统的4流水线构架显卡(4X1)在一个时钟周期内完成4个Pixel Shader运算,输出4个纹理和4个像素。流水线=Pixel Shader+TMU+ROP,这一概念一直得到GPU厂商的拥护。然而随着技术的发展,3D游戏开始有明显的取向性,此时这一平衡也自然被打破。

  正是基于像素着色器程序中算术指令比重不断提高这一事实现状,ATI开始不遗余力地致力于提高像素渲染管线数量。以X1600为例,它拥有4条真正意义上的流水线,只不过Pixel Shader、TMU以及ROP形成3:1:1的关系。具体而言,X1600有12个Pixel Shader,而TMU和ROP却只有4个,因此这款GPU核心在一个周期内可以进行12次Pixel Shader运算,输出4个纹理和4个像素。也就是说,X1600在Pixel Shader运算上等同于12流水线显卡,但在纹理填充率和像素填充率上等同于4流水线显卡。按理说,X1600的技术的确是比较先进,但是将一项技术优势作为非同级别竞争的砝码,这显然是不合理的。面对GeForce 6600GT和GeForce 7300GT真正的8管线,X1600显然没有胜算。好在,ATI近期发布了X1650XT,此时拥有8管线,并且实现了24个像素单元,但是这似乎一切已经晚了,因为ATI已经被AMD所收购。

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