y = ax²+bx+c= a(x²-b/ax)+c= a{x-b/(2a)}²-b²/(4a)+c= a{x-b/(2a)}²+(4ac-b²)/(4a)当a<0时,a{x-b/(2a)}²≤0ymax= (4ac-b²)/(4a)值域:( -∞,(4ac-b²)/(4a) )当a>0时,a{x-b/(2a)}²≥0ymin= (4ac-b²)/(4a)值域:((4ac-b²)/(4a) ,+∞)