推荐回答（1个）
沉积物供应、湖平面变化对层序体形成的影响是显而易见的，其作用如同海相层序地层学所述，能够影响层序的结构、分布以及规模大小。不同的是：在断陷盆地中，沉积物供给条件以及湖平面的变化在很大程度上还是受构造运动控制的。换言之，即构造运动对湖相层序形成及演化的控制一方面既控制着湖平面的变化，另一方面又控制着沉积物的供给。而沉积物供给对层序发育的影响取决于沉积物供给速率的大小、方向、持续时间及其与盆地沉积可容空间增加速率的关系[87,88]。以下分不同类型盆地，分别进行分析。
.1 同生断裂控制的湖盆
在同生断裂控制的湖盆情形下，可容空间处于一个不断的变化过程中，这样，需要针对不同的沉积物供给速率与可容空间的增长速率关系分别讨论。
当V供＜V空时，盆地整体上处于一种欠补偿状态，在这种条件下，湖盆总体表现为可容空间的不断增大（其中包括湖平面范围及水深都在不断扩大），差值越大，伸展速率越大，易形成水进的退积式层序组合；
当V供＞V空时，湖盆相对收缩，沉积可容空间随时间逐渐减少，常发育水退的进积式层序组合，甚至在层序顶界形成侵蚀间断或不整合面；
当V供＝V空时，盆地处于补偿状态，沉积基准面基本保持不变，湖平面稳定，易形成稳定的加积式层序组合。
2.一次性断裂控制的盆地
断裂经过一期活动就可形成大的可容空间，之后很长一段时间停止活动。在这种情形下，可容空间一旦形成，也就相对稳定并随着沉积物供给的不断填补逐渐减小。此时，层序体形成及展布主要取决于供给物速率的大小。V供越大，湖盆被填满得越早，层序体形成的时间越短，且沉积间断面积越大，易形成较大规模的不整合面及水退的进积层序组合。
3.轴向水系控制的湖盆
在断陷盆地的形成演化中，常常发育有规模较大的轴向水系，沿盆地长轴方向沉积供应速率远远大于短轴方向。受此影响，盆地内同期沉积层序中，沿主物源方向形成较大规模的进积式层序组合，而在该层序体两侧方向的层序体则有可能是进积式的层序组合，也有可能形成退积式层序组合。
4.湖平面变化与层序发育的关系
如前文所述，影响湖平面升降的因素很多，常见的如湖平面位置、气候变化、古地形、沉积冲填、构造作用等。在这些影响因素中，构造作用占据了主导地位，因而我们认为，湖平面的升降主要就很直观地反映了构造运动的形式。当盆地处于无湖水时，控制沉积作用的基准面是河流平衡剖面，沉积物可以大量搬运到盆地中心，自下而上形成一套加积式河流相沉积，当盆地存在湖水时，控制沉积作用的基准面是湖平面，河流入湖后，受湖水阻碍，其流速降低，携带物质能力减小，大量沉积物在湖盆沉积，形成进积式层序组合，且湖水越深，该类层序体越发育。
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