推荐回答(1个)
由于第一位回答者没有对这两篇文章作出译文,所以本人在此作出补充的地方。 《晏子春秋》 晏子将使楚。楚王闻之,谓左右曰:「晏婴,齐之习辞者也,今方来,吾欲辱之,何以也? 」左右对曰:「为其来也,臣请缚一人,过王而行。王曰,何为者也?对曰,齐人也。王曰,何坐? 曰,坐盗。」 晏子至,楚王赐晏子酒,酒酣,吏二缚一人诣王。王曰:「缚者何为者也?」对曰:「齐人也,坐盗。」王视晏子曰:「齐人固善盗乎?」晏子避席对曰:「婴闻之,橘生淮南则为橘,生于淮北则为枳,叶徒相似,其实味不同。所以然者何?水土异也。今民生长于齐不盗,入楚则盗,得无楚之水土使民善盗耶?」王笑回:「圣人非所与熙也,寡人反取病焉。」 这是《晏子春秋》中的其一个故事,叫做橘逾淮为枳或晏子使楚,原个故事的译文如下: 晏子将要出使楚国,楚王听说这消息以后,对身边的人说:「晏婴是齐国善于辞令的人,现在他要来,我想羞辱他,该用什么办法?」身边的人回答说:「等他到来的时候,请让我捆绑一个人在您面前经过,大王你问说:「这个人是哪里人?」属下回答说:「齐国人。」大王问:「犯了什么罪?」属下回说:「犯了偷窃罪。」晏子到了楚国,楚王赐给晏子酒喝,喝酒喝得正畅快的时候,两个官吏捆着一个人来到楚王跟前,楚王说:「捆着的人是哪里人?」官吏回答说:「是齐国人,犯了偷盗的罪。」楚王看着晏子说:「齐国人本来就善于偷盗吗?」晏子离开座位严肃地回答说:「我听说过,橘树生长在淮河以南就是橘树,生长在淮河以北就变成枳树,只是叶子相似,它们的果实味道不一样。为什么会这样呢?是因为水土不一样。现在人生长在齐国不偷盗,进入楚国就偷盗,该不会是楚国的水土使人变得善于偷盗吧!」楚王笑着说:「圣人是不可以随便戏弄的。我反而自取其辱。」 景公①之时,雨雪三日而不霁②。公被③狐白之裘,坐堂侧陛④。晏子入见,立有间。公曰:「怪哉!雨雪三日而天不寒。」晏子对曰:「天不寒乎?」公笑。晏子曰:「婴闻 古之贤 君,饱而知人之饥,温而知人之寒,逸而知人之劳。今君不知也。」公曰:「善。寡人闻命矣。」乃令出裘发粟以与饥寒者。令所睹于涂者,无问其乡;所睹于里者,无问其家;循国计数,无言其名。士既事者兼月,疾者兼岁。孔子闻之曰:「晏子能明其所欲,景公能行其所善也。」 注释: ①景公: 齐国国 君,名杵臼,庄公的异母弟。②霁:雨、雪后天气转晴。③被:同通「披」字。披在此解作裘:用狐狸腋下的毛皮做的皮衣。④陛:皇宫的台阶。 齐景公在位的时候,大雪下了三天而不停,景公披着白色的狐皮裘衣,坐在殿堂侧边的台阶上。晏子进宫拜见景公,站了一会儿,景公说:「奇怪啊!大雪下了三天而天气竟然不寒冷。」晏子回答说:「天气果真不寒冷吗?」景公笑了。晏子说:「我听说古代的贤德君王,吃饱的时候能知道有人在挨饿,穿暖的时候知道有人在受寒,安逸的时候知道有人在辛苦。现在君王不知道民间的疾苦了。」景公说:「说得对!我听从您的教诲了。」于是就下令拿出衣物和粮食,发放给饥寒交迫的人。命令凡看见路途时候有饥寒的人,不问他是哪个乡,看见在里闾有饥寒的人,不问他是哪一家,巡行全国统计发放数字,不必报他们的姓名。已任职的发给两月救济粮,生病的发给两年救济粮。孔子听到这件事后说:「晏子能阐明他的愿望,景公能实行他认识到的德政。」 为了令故事更为完整,我已将有关故事内容作出翻译,第一篇文章中,你所要翻译部份,我已替你用蓝色字填上。至于第二篇文章红色的部份是原文有的,我亦将这部份作出翻译,希望令你看得更易明白和完整,并希望以上资料能对你有帮助。
参考: 网上+自己
晏平仲婴者,莱之夷维人也。事齐灵公、庄公、景公,以节俭力行重于齐。既相齐,食不重肉,妾不衣帛。其在朝,君语及之,即危言;语不及之,即危行。国有道,即顺命;无道,即衡命。以此三世显名于诸侯。 越石父贤,在缧绁中。晏子出,遭之涂,解左骖赎之,载归。弗谢,入闺。久之,越石父请绝。晏子惧然,摄衣冠谢曰:「婴虽不仁,免子于缌何子求绝之速也?」石父曰:「不然。吾闻君子诎于不知己而信于知己者。方吾在缧绁中,彼不知我也。夫子既已感寤而赎我,是知己;知己而无礼,固不如在缧绁之中。」晏子于是延入为上客。 晏子为齐相,出,其御之妻从门闲而闚其夫。其夫为相御,拥大盖,策驷马,意气扬扬甚自得也。既而归,其妻请去。夫问其故。妻曰:「晏子长不满六尺,身相齐国,名显诸侯。今者妾观其出,志念深矣,常有以自下者。今子长八尺,乃为人仆御,然子之意自以为足,妾是以求去也。」其后夫自抑损。晏子怪而问之,御以实对。晏子荐以为大夫。 太史公曰:吾读管氏牧民、山高、乘马、轻重、九府,及晏子春秋,详哉其言之也。既见其著书,欲观其行事,故次其传。至其书,世多有之,是以不论,论其轶事。 管仲世所谓贤臣,然孔子小之。岂以为周道衰微,桓公既贤,而不勉之至王,乃称霸哉?语曰「将顺其美,匡救其恶,故上下能相亲也」。岂管仲之谓乎? 方晏子伏庄公尸哭之,成礼然后去,岂所谓「见义不为无勇」者邪?至其谏说,犯君之颜,此所谓「进思尽忠,退思补过」者哉!假令晏子而在,余虽为之执鞭,所忻慕焉。
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