历史上的张献忠是一个什么样的人,他真的是杀人狂魔吗?

张献忠为何被冠以杀人狂魔的称号?
2025-03-23 22:10:23
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

张献忠。1906年出生在陕西省定边县郝滩乡刘渠村。《明史》称他与李自成同年生。他是明末农民军的领袖,与李自成齐名,是大西开国唯一的皇帝。

张献忠,1940年赛鲸进军西川,1944年在成都建立大西政权。及地为年号大顺。1646年,清军南下漳县中影并具站在西充凤凰山,被流矢击中而死。在他的一生里,他主要建立了大西政权,并为属地留下来一只大西军。张献忠领导的农民起义,从崇祯三年,到康熙元年。维持在反对明朝封建统治政权的压迫剥削和抗击清军的青岛中转战了16省,

经过了32年前不后期的英勇斗争。这次农民起义在历史上有重大作用,对于研究中国农民战争是很有意义。史书记载,张献忠在建立大西开国之后大肆屠戮川地居民。这点有待考证。张献忠是明末农民起义军的重要领袖。在明末声势浩大席卷全球的农民战争中,战绩称雄一方。他骁勇刚毅,顽强善战,多谋幽默。

他的起义,反映了农民的利益。他的生活道路又有明显农民阶级的缺点和局限性。解放后史学界发掘了很多为张献忠变污的材料,逐步还原了他的真实面目。他不是一个杀人不眨眼的魔王,嗜杀成性得神经病。反他应该是一个杰出的军事家。不仅敢于战斗而且善于战斗。他带领苦难中的人民群众起义,英勇的反抗明朝封建统治阶级,又领导农民军中的爱国将士抗击清朝贵族的入侵。但是张献忠在四川的统治反映了他农民阶层的局限性。使得四川不仅没有变好,反而在站到当中更加残破不堪。

回答2:

从古至今,很多世人对于张献忠为人的定义始终无法统一。记得中学的时候学历史,老师讲张献忠和李自成齐名,都是农民起义军的领袖。老师反复强调,他们领导了反封建的阶级斗争,

虽然存在农民自身的局限性,但仍是推动社会历史进步的动力,明末政治腐败,官吏们争相搂财,再加上陕西大旱两年,饥民没吃没喝还受剥削,无奈只能起义。张献忠出狱后穷困潦倒,只能加入起义军。他剽悍勇猛,屡立战功,因此在起义军中自领一军,自号西营八大王,但是张献忠做了许多惨无人道的事情,

就比如说张献忠有一次生了大病,对上天祈祷说,如果自己的病好了以后,就供奉给上天朝天烛,老百姓本来以为他说的只是普通的蜡烛,但是他病好了以后所做的事情,真的是让许多人都大吃一惊,张献忠下令每个士兵必须供奉十双三寸金莲,是真的女人的脚,在张献忠的权威之下,军营中的小脚不到半天就堆积成山了,张献忠看见自己的小妾是小脚,就顺便砍了下来,然后丢入朝天烛去焚烧,这就是张献忠所说的朝天烛。

张献忠在这个阶段的杀人对象主要是明朝官吏、朱氏皇族和不肯归顺的小民,主要是为了清除明朝的遗留子民,为自己登基上位打基础,这也是改朝换代时每个皇帝都会做的事情。

回答3:

据清朝史料记载,清顺治三年张献忠退出成都时,绝望之下,在四川进行空前的烧杀破坏,有40万人的成都只剩下20户居民;天府之国四川遭到毁灭性破坏,人口从至少三百万一度锐减到只有八万人。

回答4:

《张献忠陷庐州纪》中记载,他攻破城池之后见人就剁手。成都城内剁下的手能当一座山,张献忠兵败逃到西充时,已无百姓可杀,乃自杀其卒,每日一两万人。

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