推荐回答(2个)
送沈子归江东 / 送沈子福之江东
【作者】王维 【朝代】唐代
杨柳渡头行客稀,罟师荡桨向临圻。
唯有相思似春色,江南江北送君归。
译文:
渡口杨柳依依,行客稀少,
艄公摇起桨驶向临圻。
我的相思就像春色一样,
从江南到江北送你回家。
赏析:
王维这首送别之作意韵悠长,风神摇曳,绵邈蕴藉。饱含劝勉,一叙理想抱负之情。的开篇直接入题,描写送别情形。渡头是送客之地,杨柳是渡头现成之景,景中却蕴含深情:“柳”与“留”同音,唐人有折柳送行的习俗,表示不忍离别,希望远行的人留下来。但分别终究是不可避免的,此时友人乘坐的船只已经起航。这里写杨柳,不仅写现成之景,更是烘托送别气氛。行客已稀,见境地的凄清,反衬出送别友人的依依不舍之情。第一句点明送别之地。第二句醒出“归江东”题意。刚才还很热闹的渡头,一下变得行客稀少,冷冷清清。惟有诗人自己,仍然立在那里,目送着友人渐渐远去。他的脑海里,或许在重温刚才与友人依依话别的情景,或许想起了之前和友人交往的点点滴滴。但这一切,都只能是追忆了。眼前只见友人所乘的船顺水而下,离自己越来越远。
李白《黄鹤楼送孟浩然之广陵》诗中也有目送友人乘舟而去的情形:“孤帆远影碧空尽,唯见长江天际流。”李白站在高高的黄鹤楼上,远眺孤舟,写的是远景。而王维捕捉的是船夫荡桨的细节,写的是近景。同样写送行,李白之潇洒与王维之细腻,可见一斑。
船儿渐行渐远,友人的身影也越来越模糊。友人乘船而去,只要再过一会儿,他们就将消失在诗人的视线之外。而这一别,又不知何时才能重新相逢。想到这些,诗人的心中难免有些怅惘。这时,诗人依依不舍,望着大江南北两岸,春满人间,春光荡漾,桃红柳绿,芳草萋萋。诗人感觉到自己心中的无限依恋惜别之情,就像眼前春色的无边无际。诗人忽发奇想:让我心中的相思之情也像这无处不在的春色,从江南江北,一齐扑向你,跟随着你归去吧?“惟有相思似春色,江南江北送君归”,是十分美丽的想象,有着无比蕴藉而深厚的感情。诗人似乎在对友人说:你在江上走,江南江北的春色包围着你;我的牵挂、友谊也和这春色一样,时时刻刻包围着你,陪你一路前行。春满江南江北,情亦满江南江北。不必特意写离愁别苦,别情已经充盈了满篇。更巧的是,自然之景与深挚之情妙合无间,耐人寻味。将自然界的春色比心灵中的感情,即景寓情,情与景妙合无间,极其自然。这里藉难写之景以抒无形之情,功夫当然又深了一层。写离情别绪哀而不伤,形象丰满,基调明快,这是盛唐诗歌的特色。
此诗描写的是最具普遍性的离别。与许多别诗一样,先用景色来制造—定的气氛,“行客稀”可见境地的凄清,反衬与友人的依依不舍之情。此诗末两句“惟有相思似春色,江南江北送君归”与牛希济《生查子》诗中:“记得绿罗裙,处处怜芳草。”两句有着异曲同工之妙;与王维“惟有相思似春色,江南江北送君归”诗句比较,手法相同,思路相近,同样具有动人的艺术魅力,但感情一奔放一低徊,风格一浑成一婉约,各具姿态。“惟有相思似春色,江南江北送君归”两句是作者突发的奇想,将春色比作心中对朋友的情谊,情景妙合无间,表露得非常自然。原本充满愁绪的离别被诗人写得哀而不伤,反而觉得形象丰满、基调明快,其动人的艺术魅力不可否认。
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