明朝最后一个皇帝崇祯帝,是个好皇帝吧,为什么他是好皇帝,李自成还要推翻他,那李自成不是没事闲的吗?
李自成是不是没事闲出屁来了,听说明朝正处于资本主义萌芽!
推荐回答(5个)
一个非常坏的皇帝。。。。。。。。。。。自己看顾诚《明末农民战争史》,定价42元。网上有电子版,不给钱也可以看。。。。
看看明末的情况吧:
万历四十三年六月十七日山东青州府推官黄槐开的一件申文:
“自古饥年,止闻道殣相望与易子而食、析骸而爨耳。今屠割活人以供朝夕,父子不问矣,夫妇不问矣,兄弟不问矣。剖腹剜心,支解作脍,且以人心味为美,小儿味尤为美。甚有鬻人肉于市,每斤价钱六文者;有腌人肉于家,以备不时之需者;有割人头用火烧熟而吮其脑者;有饿方倒而众刀攒割立尽者;亦有割肉将尽而眼瞪瞪视人者。间有为人所诃禁,辄应曰:‘我不食人,人将食我。’愚民恬不为怪,有司法无所施。枭獍在途,天地昼晦。”
天启六年,十月,山东诸城县举人陈其猷进京会试。依据亲身见闻绘了一份《饥民图》伏阙上疏,其序略云:
“臣自正月离家北上,出境二十里,见道旁刮人肉者如屠猪狗,不少避人,人视之亦不为怪。于是毛骨懔懔。又行半日,见老妪持一死儿,且烹且哭。因问曰:‘既欲食之,何必哭?’妪曰:‘此吾儿,弃之且为人食,故宁自充腹耳。’臣因此数日饮食不能甘,此时苟有济于死亡,直不顾顶踵矣。乃入京之初,恶状犹横胸臆间。越二三日,朋俦相聚,杯酌相呼,前事若忆若忘。既而声歌诱耳,繁华夺目,昨日之痛心酸鼻者,竟漠然不相关矣。呜呼,臣饥人也,饥之情、饥之味皆其习见而亲尝者,犹且以渐远渐隔而忘之。乃欲九天之上、万里之遥,以从来未见之情形,冀其不告而知、无因而痛,不其难乎?”
崇祯元年二月初二日,陕西巡按御史马懋才的《备陈灾变疏》详细地描述了延安地区天灾人祸的情况。这封奏折,崇祯亲眼看到了的,现在原件还在国家第一历史档案馆中。疏中写道:
“臣乡延安府,自去岁一年无雨,草木枯焦。八、九月间,民争采山间蓬草而食,其粒类糠皮,其味苦而涩,食之仅可延以不死。至十月以后而蓬尽矣,则剥树皮而食。诸树惟榆树差善,杂他树皮以为食,亦可稍缓其死。殆年终而树皮又尽矣,则又掘山中石块而食。其石名青叶,味腥而腻,少食辄饱,不数日则腹胀下坠而死。民有不甘于食石以死者始相聚为盗,而一、二稍有积贮之民遂为所劫,而抢掠无遗矣。有司亦不能禁治。间有获者亦恬不知畏,且曰:‘死于饥与死于盗等耳,与其坐而饥死,何若为盗而死,犹得为饱鬼也。”
“最可悯者,如安塞城西有粪场一处,每晨必弃二、三婴儿于其中,有涕泣者,有叫号者,有呼其父母者,有食其粪土者。至次晨则所弃之子已无一生,而又有弃之者矣。
“更可异者,童穉辈及独行者一出城外,更无踪影。后见门外之人炊人骨以为薪,煮人肉以为食,始知前之人皆为其所食。而食人之人亦不数日面目赤肿,内发燥热而死矣。于是,死者枕藉,臭气薰天。县城外掘数坑,每坑可容数百人,用以掩其遗骸。臣来之时,已满三坑有余,而数里以外不及掩者又不知其几矣。小县如此,大县可知;一处如此,他处可知。……
“然臣犹有说焉。国初每十户编为一甲,十甲编为一里。今之里甲寥落,户口萧条,已不复如其初矣。况当九死一生之际,即不蠲不减,民亦有呼之而不应者。官司束于功令之严,不得不严为催科。如一户止有一二人,势必令此一二人而赔一户之钱粮;一甲止有一二户,势必令此一二户而赔一甲之钱粮。等而上之,一里一县无不皆然。则见在之民止有抱恨而逃,飘流异地,栖泊无依,恒产既亡,怀资易尽,梦断乡关之路,魂消沟壑之填,又安得不相率而为盗者乎!此处逃亡于彼,彼处复逃之于此,转相逃则转相为盗。此盗之所以遍秦中也。”
这些都是封建官僚亲眼看到的。。。。。试问人民都到了何等程度。。。不反待何。。。。
就算没有李自成还有别人去推翻他,明朝虽然处于资本主义萌芽但是非常微弱,毕竟封建王朝实行重农抑商政策,明朝还实行海禁,崇祯就算是好皇帝凭他一己之力也难以扭转明朝衰败的局面,而且如果他英明的话,袁崇焕不会被杀,明朝也不会那么快灭亡,天下大势合久必分分久必合,明朝灭亡是大势所趋,明朝就算经济发达也无法改变它的命运,宋朝的经济尤其是外贸也很发达啊,最后还不是一样灭亡了
不要用现在人的眼光去看待历史人物。崇祯皇帝是个好皇帝,但是明朝在他之前的几任皇帝都可以说是昏君,到崇祯这一辈,大明江山可以说是千疮百孔,摇摇欲坠,大厦将倾。只有一个人为国家做事是不够的。至于李自成领导的是农民起义,告诉你个真理,中国的老百姓(包括农民)都是逆来顺受的,只要政府留给他们一口饭吃,他们绝不会造反,现在依然如此。所以说不要以现在的眼光去看待历史人物。
崇祯是个很勤政的昏君,搞的事越多天下越乱,他要是什么事都不管,说不定明朝还能延续个很长时间。
我只能说,在历代亡国之君中,相对比较,崇祯算是有廉耻心的,在某些方便算一个有骨气的皇帝。。。。。
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