推荐回答(3个)
脑出血是一种比较严重的脑外科疾病,起病迅速,症状出现很快。症状出现即造成很大的危害,需要在他人的帮助下及时送医院治疗,才可脱离危险,否则,一旦没及时发现患者,导致治疗不及时,会有生命危险,要引起大家的重视。脑出血患者吃什么也是比较有讲究的,因为误食一些东西会导致病发。那么脑出血患者吃什么好呢?脑出血的食疗:1、多摄入天然抗凝与被动脂食物摄食此类食物有助减少心肌梗死与缺血性中风。抑制血小板聚集、防止血栓形成的黑木耳及含吡嗪类物质如大蒜、洋葱、青葱、茼蒿、香茹、龙须菜及 草莓、菠萝也有一定的抗凝作用。番茄红葡萄、桔子中含少量类似阿斯匹林水杨酸抗凝物质。被动脂食物有螺旋藻、香芹、胡萝卜、山楂、紫菜、海带、核桃及橄榄油、芝麻油等。2、多吃富含精氨酸等补肾填精的食物有助调节血管张力、抑制血小板聚集的血管舒张因子——氧化的合成,减少血管损伤。这类食物有海参、泥鳅、鳝鱼及芝麻、山药、银杏、豆腐皮 、葵花子等。3、多吃富含叶酸食物若膳食中缺乏叶酸及维生素B6、B12,会使血中高半胱氨酸水平升高,易损伤血管内皮细胞、促进粥样硬化斑块形成;而补充叶酸对降低冠心病和中风的发病率有重 要作用。专家建议中老年人尤其是心血管病人,应注意多摄食富含叶酸的食物,如红苋菜、菠菜、龙须菜、芦笋、豆类、酵母及苹果、柑桔等。4、脑出血饮食可以适当的多吃鱼鱼肉富含甲硫氨酸、赖氨酸、脯氨酸及牛黄氨酸等优质蛋白,有改善血管弹性、顺应性及促进钠盐排泄作用。此外,富含W-3多不饱和脂肪酸的鱼油有 保护血管内皮细胞、减少脂质沉积及改善纤溶功能。
脑出血病人的饮食
病人神志清楚,能进食并无咳嗽,咽下无困难者应给软质消化,低糖、低脂、高蛋白性食物,多吃新鲜蔬菜、水果,因为新鲜蔬菜,尤其是绿叶蔬菜和水果不仅可以减少便秘,还含有丰富的维生素
c
和微量元素,避免进食过饱及对胃肠道的刺激性强的食物。
昏迷不能进食病人,鼻饲是一种十分重要的途径,一般在病后
2
—
3
天病情稳定后进行准备注射胃管的食物,先应该高温消毒,食物温度宜在
37
—
40
℃
,成人
24
小时的液体需要一般不低于
2000
毫升,推荐流质食物的配方:鲜牛奶
1000
毫升,鲜豆浆
400
毫升,米粉
200
克,鲜鸡蛋
6
个,砂糖
50
克,精盐
5
克、维生素
c300
毫克,维生素
b1
30
毫克,
b6
30
毫克,配好的食物可分
4
—
6
次,每隔
4
—
6
小时注入
150
—
250
毫升。
在注入时切忌太快,以免引起呕吐,特殊情况下,如夏天出汗多,高热,则每天增补液体
500
—
1000
毫升。
脑出血病人多有不同程度的偏瘫或失语等神经功能障碍,恢复期主要帮助病人进行功能训练。应向病人讲明,通过训练,功能可逐步改善,以取得其合作。同时,向家属介绍训练方法,以便出院后坚持训练。
具体方法是:按摩和被动活动瘫痪肢体,以促进血液循环,预防和减轻肌肉挛缩,维持关节及韧带活动度。按摩痉挛性肢体手法要轻,以降低神经肌肉兴奋性,使痉挛的肌肉放松。弛缓性瘫痪按摩手法应适当加重,以刺激神经活动兴奋性。每次按摩5-10分钟,每日2次。肢体被动活动时,要按关节活动的方向和范围做被动运动,一般先活动大关节,再活动小关节,幅度从小到大。痉挛性瘫痪肢体活动要缓慢,弛缓性瘫痪肢体勿过度牵拉,以防肌肉和关节损伤。肌力在ⅱ级以下者,应鼓励病人自己活动。瘫痪肢体功能训练时,指导病人用意含对患肢发出冲动,使瘫痪肢体的肌肉收缩。反复训练,促进神经传导功能恢复,达到上肢可举起,下肢可站立和行走。为提高生活处理能力,可指导病人用健肢替代患肢的方法,如右侧肢体瘫痪时,可练习用左手吃饭、写字、取物;穿上衣时先穿患肢再穿健肢,脱衣时则相反。训练病人用一只手穿脱鞋、袜、衣裤,使用拐杖及习步车辅助行步等。失语病人,应进行语言训练,从单字、单词发音,在到讲短句、短语。
希望我的回答能对你有所帮助.
你好,脑出血的患者适合吃一些清淡的食物,另外影响要均衡,比如多吃些膳食纤维,绿色水果,蔬菜,和高蛋白的食物,少吃油腻辛辣刺激的。
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