推荐回答(2个)
“Z”型注射法即Z径路肌肉注射法。
1、方法
z-track肌内注射法与常规肌内注射法的注射过程相比,不同之处主要在于注射前以左手食指、中指和无名指使待注射部位皮肌及皮下组织朝同一方向侧移(皮肤侧移1-2cm左右)绷紧固定局部皮肤,维持到拔针后迅速松开,此时侧移的皮肤和皮组织位置复原,原先垂直的针刺通道即变成Z型。
2、注意事项
如误入血管并反抽少量血,则拔出针头少许,回抽无回血后再行注射;如反抽多量血,则迅速拔针,用无菌干棉球按压局部,重新备药注射。
空气注射法
即静脉空气注射法。
1、方法
直接分离输液器与头皮针,然后反折靠近头皮针针栓部细管,再接上已准备好的注射器进行静脉给药。或为先扎止血带,然后直接分离头皮针,待回血将针栓内空气排除后连接注射器,松止血带后给药。
2、注意事项
空气污染是造成注射过程中微粒污染的主要原因之一,过程中注意空气质量的掌控。

扩展资料:
肌肉注射是一种常用的药物注射治疗方法,指将药液通过注射器注入肌肉组织内,达到治病的目的。
肌肉注射主要适用于:不宜或不能做静脉注射,要求比皮下注射更迅速发生疗效时,以及注射刺激性较强或药量较大的药物时。
参考资料:
百度百科―肌肉注射
目前世界上常用的肌肉注射方法有三种
1. 常规肌肉注射法在我国广泛应用于临床
2. Z径路肌肉注射法(Z-track method),盛行于英国、法国等欧洲国家
3.气泡封堵肌肉注射法(air-bubble method),流行于美国、加拿大等北美国家.
z-track肌内注射法与常规肌内注射法的注射过程相比,不同之处主要在于注射前以左手食指、中指和无名指使待注射部位皮肌及皮下组织朝同一方向侧移(皮肤侧移1-2cm左右)绷紧固定局部皮肤,维持到拔针后迅速松开,此时侧移的皮肤和皮组织位置复原,原先垂直的针刺通道即变成Z型故称之为z-track肌内注射法。
常规注射法在注射前用拇指和食指绷紧固定局部皮肤注射后留下垂直针道,若患者注射部位局部组织疏松,容易发生药液外溢。
第三种留置气泡技术运用于肌肉注射,其方法是用注射器抽吸适量的药液后,再吸入0.2~0.3ML的空气.注射时,气泡在上,当全部药液注入后,在注入空气.该方法可使针头部位的药液全部进入肌肉组织内,并可防止拔除针头时,药液渗入皮下组织,从而减低组织受刺激的程度.减轻疼痛.另外,还起到将药液限制在注射肌肉局部而利于吸收的作用.
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