不及物动词
英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可把动词分成不及物动词与和及物动词。
不及物动词:字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词。不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象(即宾语)。若要跟宾语,必须先在其后添加上某个介词,如to,of ,at后方可跟上宾语。具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得背动词短语了,如listen to,look at….
如:look 看 (vi.) x宾语(即不能直接加宾语). Look! She is singing.
Look carefully! (注意:carefully 是副词,不是名词,故不作宾语)
look at 看…….+宾语 Look at me carefully! (me是代词,作宾语)
at是小范围 in是大范围
如:
The students work very hard.学生们学习很努力。
She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。
The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上发生的。
及物动词
英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可把动词分成及物动词与不及物动词。
及物动词: 字典里词后标有vt. 的就是及物动词。及物动词后必须跟有动作的对象(即宾语),并且可直接跟宾语。
如see 看见 (vt.) +宾语 I can see a boy.文字
其实所谓“及物”,就是后面可直接加宾语的动词,有被动形式,而不及物动词是没有被动式的,也不可直接加宾语,需加上介词。
及物动词后面可直接接宾语,不及物动词后面不可直接接宾语,一般要加介词后再接宾语。实际上很多动词既是及物动词,又是不及物动词。我举一个例子,就说write。如I am writing.和I am writing a letter.在前一个句子write是不及物动词,在后一个句子write是及物动词。又如,see是及物动词,但在特殊情况下如seeing is believing。
不及物动词就是一个动作不能施加到另一个物体上,也就是后面不能加宾语。
例如:He is running. run这个动词就是不及物动词,后面不能加sth
及物动词和不及物动词
一 定义: A 有些动词只是及物动词; 它们不可以单独用,后面必须跟宾语。{False: They always want after lunch.
Right: They always want a cup of tea after lunch.{False: He is sending now.
Right: He is sending a letter now.B 有些动词只是不及物动词;它们可以单独用,如果后面想接宾语,动词后面必须加上介词。{Right: He is looking around.
False: He is looking me.
Right: He is looking at me.{Right: He is listening carefully.
False: He is listening the teacher carefully.
Right: He is listening to the teacher carefully.C 有些动词既是及物动词,又是不及物动词; 但是有时候词义会改变。{The customer is asking loudly.
The customer is asking for you now.
The customer is asking a question now.{If you work hard, you will succeed.
If you work hard, you will succeed in passing the exam (same meaning).
If you work hard, you will succeed John as the manager of this company (different meaning).
能直接跟宾语 而不需要加介词的动词叫及物 反之则叫非及物动词