棉籽壳、木屑菌种如何制作?

2025-03-29 11:08:56
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

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将辅助料倒人棉好壳或木屑拌和均匀, 然后加水调拌。一面加水,一面用手或铁傲撞揉和翻动棉菇壳,使其充分吸水,干湿均匀。或将原料、配料和水倒人拌料机揽拌3 ~5分钟。拌料 时注意控制好水量,培养料最适宜的含水量为60%,料水比例约为1 : 1.2,即用手紧握料,有水印而没有水渗出。料拌好后立即装瓶、装袋灭菌,不能过夜,特别在高温季节更要注意。瓶装菌种,用750毫升的菌种瓶装料,边装料边振动,使料上下松紧均匀一致。装量至瓶肩后,菇平料面,擦净瓶口沾留的棉粹壳,并在培养 料中间戳一洞至瓶底,塞上棉塞再用三层报纸包札,即可灭菌。袋装菌种,一般采用高压聚丙蹄袋和低压高密度聚乙嫌袋。塑料袋规格一般为口厘米(宽)X27厘米(长),厚0.5毫米。制作平菇栽培种, 用17厘米(宽)X33厘米(长),厚0.5毫米规格的塑料袋。最好选用折  角袋,如果是平底袋,装料前,则先用手指将袋的两个底角塞人,使袋底成 方形。边装料边上下振动料袋,使料紧实,料面压平。再用干净纱布擦净 袋外的棉梓壳,捏住袋口,套入塑料颈圈,将塑料袋口向下翻出3厘米左 右,用1层中间打孔的塑料膜和3层报纸封扎。塑料袋菌种在制作过程中要轻拿轻放,防止戳破袋面。菌袋外面最好套1层保护袋人锅消毒。 塑料袋一般只适合制作平菇、灵芝、猴头菇等一些菌丝生长势强、生长速 度较快的搪类菌种,有些菇类如香菇、金针猎等不适合制作袋装菌种,特别在高温季节,香菇、金针菇袋装菌种的菌丝生长速度很慢。

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回答2:

按培养基配方要求的比例,分别称取原料。采用全机械拌料的还要依据拌料腔容量的大小,把主、辅料分为若干份,分别加水搅拌均匀。手工拌料的,先将主料放入盒内或摊于水泥地面上,麦麸类辅料撒于上面,用锨翻匀,倒入混有石音、石灰的水后再翻抖拌匀,注意不能存有干料块。棉籽壳类培养料含水量应在65%左右,用手紧握料时指缝间有渗水但不滴水。木屑类培养料含水量应在60%〜65%,即用手握料成团,掉地下即散。玉米芯、秸秆类培养料持水量大,用手握法感知含水量误差大,需称量添加。拌料后要迅速分装,分装的容器为广口罐头瓶、塑料袋等。如需堆闷,应注意透气和翻料。分装前要检测酸碱度,若pH值偏低,可用石灰粉或浓石灰水调节。

回答3:

代料栽培食用菌选购棉籽壳应注意以下几点:棉籽壳上棉绒不 宜过长或太多,也不可棉籽壳上无绒,棉籽壳外观应色泽灰白或雪 白,而不是褐色。棉籽壳内不能超量含有棉籽仁,棉籽壳贮存过程 中要注意防潮、防止霉变、防结块、防生虫。棉籽壳原料主要优势如下。第一,营养全面丰富,碳氮比较为适宜,为草菇菌丝和子实体 生长提供了营养基础。第二,颗粒均匀、适中,通透性好,尤其适宜草菇菌丝 发育。第三,棉籽壳质地软硬结合,既可为草菇提供速效营养,又因 为硬壳的硬度较大,可以支撑较长时间的菌丝分解。

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