居士 行者 和尚 俗家弟子 之间的区别
如题,谢谢。
推荐回答(3个)
居士像李白李清照之类的,带法修行,而且条件较高有自己的佛堂。行者就是苦行僧之类的,条件较差,且常年在外流浪。和尚是 ‘正规军’在庙里修行,有清规戒律。暑假弟子是那种不受清规戒律的和尚,可以不剃发,可以吃肉之类的!
楼上不懂别瞎说,李白他们跟佛教没关系。居士古文里指有德行有能力而不出来做官的人,后来被宗教借用,可以指佛教或道教的在家修行弟子。
行者在古语里指周游天下游学或求知的人,引申为旅行者,也可一直以脚行为修行的修行者。
和尚 就是指佛教的男性出家僧侣,也称比丘。有时也专指寺院的主持。
俗家弟子 是指一些佛教或道教的大派中,只学习文化或者武艺,不出家修行的弟子。
居士:梵文 Grha-pati,意为家长、家主、长者、或有财产、或‘居家之士’。原指印度第三商工阶级毗舍族 Vaisya 的富翁或德高望重的有道之士而言。但在今天中国佛教社会,已普称一切信佛教的在家佛教徒为居士了。
“居士”一词,也非佛教的专有,在中国的《礼记》中就已有了“居士锦带”一语,那是指的为道为艺的处士,含有隐士的意义。
在印度,居士也不是由于佛教所创,梵语称居士为“迦罗越”,不论信不信佛教,凡是居家之士,便可称为居士。
佛教对在家信徒尊称为居士的由来,大概是出源于《维摩诘经》,维摩诘共有四个尊称:方便品称为长者,文殊问疾品称为上人及大士,菩萨品等则称为居士。因据罗什、智者、玄奘等大师的解释,维摩诘是东方阿阏佛国的一生补处菩萨,示现在家相化度众生,所以用居士一词称在家的佛教徒,也含有尊为大菩萨的意味在内了。
然在《长阿含经》中,唯将四大阶级的第三阶级吠舍种称为居士,并将轮王的主藏(财货)大臣,称为居士宝,那么居士者,相当于商人、经理或者是实业家了。
在我国,居士一词原出于礼记玉藻篇,于韩非子一书中,亦谓有任矞、华仕等居士,皆指颇有道艺而不求仕宦之处士。其后,我国与日本多不依经律所说之本意,而泛称有道之处士为居士,如首楞严经义疏注卷一、法华经演义卷七之一、祖庭事苑卷三等所载。
唐宋时期,佛教在我国盛行,道教修行之人也自称居士,对中上层知识分子影响很深,所以许多人便以“居士”为号。比如笃信道教的李白号“青莲居士”;白居易自称‘香山居士”;苏轼号“东坡居士”,范成大自号“石湖居士”;李清照自号“易安居士”。
“行者”指的是出家而未经过剃度的佛教徒。
“和尚”原来是从梵文这个字出来的,它的意思就是“师”。和尚本是一个尊称,要有一定资格堪为人师的才能够称和尚,不是任何人都能称的。
和,为三界统称,尚,乃至高无上的意思,“和尚”之称华藏世界只有释迦能称得,但后世确把比丘都称为和尚了,也许是因为释迦涅磐之后,在世比丘为世间第一福田的缘故吧。
俗家弟子初创于大唐,由于少林十三棍僧救唐王立下汗马功劳,李世民称帝后,为报答少林救命之恩,对少林寺大力扶持,并传旨少林寺院招收僧兵为国家培养将士,天下习武者涌集少林,因他们习武的目的不同,把习武者分为:
一:落发为僧,严守寺内戒归。
二:留发者为俗家弟子,但享受同等待遇。俗家弟子艺成后经过严格比武考试,打出木人巷、十八罗汉阵方可下山,因此俗家弟子人才辈出,象武松、岳飞、武当创始人张三丰、近代名将许世友等塑造了少林寺俗家弟子的典范
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