详细说明在生物样品的制备过程中,分别针对样品的各种特性和分析的要求与条件,所采取的对策有哪些?

2025-04-06 23:00:40
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

食品卫生微生物检验样品的采集和处理一、范围适用于各类食品样品的采样。二、采样用品灭菌探子、铲子、匙、采样器、试管、吸管、广口瓶、剪子、开罐器等。三、样品的采集在食品检验中,所采集的样品必须有代表性。食品中因其加工批号、原料情况(来源、种类、地区、季节等)、加工方法、运输、保藏条件、销售中的各个环节(例如有无防蝇、防污染、防蟑螂及防鼠等设备)及销售人员的责任心和卫生认识水平等均可影响食品卫生质量,因此必须考虑周密。1、采样数量每批样品要在容器的不同部位采取,一般定型包装食品采取一袋/瓶(不少于250g)及散装食品采取250g.2、采样方法(1)采样必须在无菌操作下进行。(2)根据样品种类,袋装、瓶装和罐装食品,应采完整的未开封的样品。如果样品很大,则需要无菌采样器取样;固体粉末样品,应边取边混合;液体样品通过振摇混匀;冷冻食品应保持冷冻状态(可放在冰内、冰箱的冷盒内或低温冰箱内保存),非冷冻食品需在1℃~5℃中保存。3、采样标签采样前或后应贴上标签,每件样品必须标记清楚(如品名、来源、数量、采样地点、采样人及采样时间等)。四、送检样品送到微生物检验室应越快越好。如果路途遥远,可将不需冷冻样品保持在1℃~5℃环境中(如冰壶)。如需保持冷冻状态,则需保存在泡沫塑料隔热箱内(箱内有干冰可维持在0℃以下)。送检时,必须认真填写申请单,以供检验人员参考。五、检验微生物检验室接到送检申请单,应立即登记,填写实验序号,并按检验要求,立即将样品放在冰箱或冰盒中,积极准备条件进行检验。各食品微生物检验室必须备有专用冰箱存放样品。一般阳性样品,发出报告后3d(特殊情况适当延长),方能处理样品。进口食品的阳性样品,需保存6个月,方能处理。阴性样品可及时处理。检验完后,检验人员应及时填写原始记录,签名后,送质控出具检验报告。

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