机器视觉中的相机和镜头怎么选择

2025-04-03 00:01:44
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

机器视觉主要由5部分组成:照明、镜头、相机、图像采集卡、视觉处理器。
照明:照明是影响机器视觉系统输入的重要因素,它直接影响输入数据的质量和应用效果。由于没有通用的机器视觉光源照明设备,所以针对每个特定的应用实例,要选择相应的照明装置,以达到最佳效果。光源可分为可见光和不可见光。常用的几种可见光源是白帜灯、日光灯、水银灯和钠光灯。可见光的缺点是光能不能保持稳定。
镜头:
镜头选择应注意:焦距;目标高度
;影像高度
;放大倍数
;影像至目标的距离
;中心点
/
节点
;畸变。
相机:按照不同标准可分为:标准分辨率数字相机和模拟相机等。要根据不同的实际应用场合选不同的相机和高分辨率相机:线扫描CCD和面阵CCD;单色相机和彩色相机。
图像采集卡:图像采集卡只是完整的机器视觉系统的一个部件,但是它扮演一个非常重要的角色。图像采集卡直接决定了摄像头的接口:黑白、彩色、模拟、数字等等。
视觉处理器:视觉处理器集采集卡与处理器于一体。以往计算机速度较慢时,采用视觉处理器加快视觉处理任务。

回答2:

笼统来讲。
相机选取按芯片类型如ccd
、cmos;按类型分面阵、线阵;分辨率如30万到上千万;快门分类如全局和卷帘快门等;也分黑白彩色。按不同定义分类较多
光源按光颜色如白色、蓝色、红色最为常见;按光源形状如条光、环光、屋顶灯、同轴光、点光源等等;特殊光源如紫外、红外
镜头按定焦、变焦;特殊的如远心镜头、定倍镜头等等
纯手打,要想更了解,可以进入专业的网站了解机器视觉的组成及选型要求

回答3:

机器视觉中的工业相机和镜头的选型取决于相机镜头的各项参数是否适合满足项目应用要求,需要在对工业相机镜头的参数选择有详细了解的基础上根据具体项目需求而定,涉及很多知识,很难几句话概述。

想了解更多机器视觉相关内容可登录:www.51camera.com.cn网页链接

回答4:

相机的选择
相机选择主要包括两个方面:线阵相机的选择和面阵相机的选择。首先,不管是线阵相机,还是面阵相机,都需要事先指导和相机有关的一些参数。
1、分辨率(这里说的是相机传感器成像大小):例如1024pixel x 1024pixel;
2、帧率(面阵相机):每秒能拍摄的图像张数;
3、行频(线阵相机):每秒采集的图像行数,实际上也是每秒拍摄的张数;
4、像元尺寸:传感器上一个物理像元的尺寸,例如:7.4um x 7.4um;
5、传感器尺寸:像元尺寸乘以分辨率就是传感器尺寸;
6、焦距:指平行光入射时从透镜光心到光聚集之焦点的距离;
7、物距:物体到透镜光心的距离;
8、光学放大倍率:一般的情况下是固定值,一般就是0.35倍-2.25倍或者是0.75倍-4.5倍;
9、工作距离:也就是物距;
10、曝光时间:为了将光投射到照相感光材料的感光面上,快门所要打开的时间;
11、视场角:最边缘的入射光线在镜头中心组成的角度
12、靶面尺寸:传感器成像的大小;
13、精度:传感器一个像素所代表的实际物体的尺寸是多少;
14、景深:在摄影机镜头或其他成像器前沿能够取得清晰图像的成像所测定的被摄物体前后距离范围

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