二十四节气中,哪些是节哪些是气,为什么要这么划分?
推荐回答(4个)
二十四节气中的12个“节”为:立春、惊蛰、清明、立夏、芒种、小暑、立秋、白露、寒露、立冬、大雪、小寒;其余是12气。
二十四节气是我国农耕文明时期劳动人民的智慧产物,农人以北极星的方向确定节气。由于地球自转,北极星斗柄处于不动的状态,其它绕北极星旋转,一周为一岁。在循环过程中与气候的变化是存在一定联系的,斗柄指到哪个,气候就有变化,农人记录,逐渐的形成二十四节气,农人二十四节气指导农业生产。
二十四节气中的哪些是“节”何哪些是“气”?汉武帝时,《太初历》进行补充,用指导农业生产。用土圭测影在黄河流域测日影,最长、最短称作“冬至”,冬至作为始点,从始点到下个冬至分成12等份,叫作“中气”,就是“二十四节气”中的“气”。相邻“中气”的时间等分,叫“节气”,就是“二十四节气”里的“节”。
这样,一个月有“中气”和“节气”,一年有12个“中气”以及12个“节气”,总计是“二十四节气”,不多不少。“二十四节气”中的12“节”是:立春、惊蛰、清明、立夏、芒种、小暑、立秋、白露、寒露、立冬、大雪、小寒。其余12是“气”。
冬至起点,排序时,从“立春”开始,春天是开始。现行的是“定气法”,根据太阳在黄道的位置从而确定节气的。把“黄道”划分24等分,每分15度,“春分”为起点,一个等分为一个节气。所以,具体在哪天哪时不一样。2020年“立春”是农历的正月十一,2021年“立春”是十一月过后的腊月二十二。
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总之,“二十四节气”里有12个“节”,12个气。“节”是每月开始,“气”是结束。
带“春夏秋冬”这四个字的都是节,剩下的都是气;因为二十四节气就是根据四季气候变化来划分的。
立春、惊蛰、清明、立夏、芒种、小暑、立秋、白露、寒露、立冬、大雪、小寒等十二个是“节”;雨水、春分、谷雨、小满、夏至、大暑、处暑、秋分、霜降、小雪、冬至、大寒等十二个是“气”。古人按学识划分的。
立春,冬至等,是节。小暑,大雪等,是气。节是指一年中的某一个节段。气是指天气,气候变化。
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