历史上第一位垂帘听政的女人是谁?

2025-04-05 16:41:49
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

邓绥(81-121),新野人,高密候邓禹之孙女,东汉和帝皇后,史称邓太后,中国历史上第一个垂帘听政的女皇后。东汉和熹皇后邓绥(公元81年-121年),新野县人氏,云台二十八宿之首高密候邓禹之孙女,6岁读史书,12岁通《诗经》、《论语》,专志典籍,不问居家之事, 家人号曰“诸生”,其才能为诸兄弟所不及。其父邓训(时任护羌校尉)有疑难之事也常询问邓绥。她15岁应选入宫,16岁封为贵人。因邓绥身材修长,姿容秀美,处事谨慎,善待下人,在后宫很有威信,深受和帝喜爱。因此,阴皇后对她十分嫉妒,扬言要除掉邓绥。邓绥获此情报,向和帝哭诉,和帝于永安二十四年(102年)废杀阴后,立邓绥为皇后,绥终于如愿以偿。元兴元年(105年),和帝驾崩,时年27岁。邓皇后自己没有儿子,但她知道后宫生有两个儿子寄养在民间。一个年龄大些,但体弱多病,不能继位;一个是新生婴儿,刚满百日。她就立为皇帝,即汉殇帝,尊邓皇后为皇太后,邓太后临朝垂帘听政,但毕竟年轻新寡,多有不便,遂命其兄邓骘为车骑将军,可随招入宫议事。延平元年(公元106年),殇帝夭折,邓绥定立清河王刘安为汉安帝,是年不足13岁,邓太后继续临朝。她一直到永宁二年(公元121年)病死,垂帘听政达16年之久。在此期间,她牢记阴皇后的前车之鉴,摒弊扬善,不计前嫌,先后减免受阴皇后诛连被遣免者之罪,并赐赠财物田地,给以生计,并把皇戚马氏、窦氏家属因罪禁锢者赦为平民,以缓解统治阶级内部矛盾。她专门为内戚和邓、马、窦氏家族子弟开设学堂,传授经书,培养名门之后。绥执政严明,内检左右,外抑宗族,连其兄触犯刑律也严惩不贷。她对内精简冗员,减去宫内老弱无用之吏 500余众。她对蔡伦改革造纸术极为赞赏,下令宣传推广,并封蔡伦为候,为中国四大发明之一铺平了道路。绥执政期间,水旱十载,四夷外侵,盗贼内起,仅延平二年(即她执政的第二年),全国就有18郡地震、41郡大水、28郡风雹侵袭。她日夜操劳,躬自处置,增收节支,减轻赋税,救济灾民,终使岁还穰丰,百姓安居乐业。她采纳西域都护任留斑超之子斑勇的进谏,通西域,抗匈奴,安定并州、凉州,使西线多年无战事。她听从虞诩等人良策,以赦免战俘、安抚和谈的办法转守为攻,使羌人暴动得平息。大臣们纷纷上书歌颂邓太后:“兴灭国,继绝室,录功臣,复汉室……巍巍之业,可望而不可及,荡荡之勋,可诵而不可名。”日夜操劳使年仅41岁的邓太后染病咯血,卧床不治。公元121年, 她抱病下诏,大赦天下,是年3月崩,与和帝合葬于顺陵。

回答2:

战国时期有四大太后,秦国的,赵国的都垂帘听政,至于是谁,抱歉,我还真忘了,跟贴的帮我回答一下吧。

回答3:

第一个掌握政权的女人是吕后,垂帘听政的是窦太后

回答4:

垂帘听政始于武则天。

回答5:

慈禧太后

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