为什么稳态导热过程中,单位时间内穿过各层的热量

2024-11-30 23:51:06
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

【在稳态导热中决定物体内温度分布的参数】在稳态导热中,导热系数决定物体内温度分布。导热系数是指在稳定传热条件下,1m厚的材料,两侧表面的温差为1度(K,℃),在1秒钟内(1S),通过1平方米面积传递的热量,单位为瓦/米·度 (W/(m·K),此处为K可用℃代替)。
导热系数仅针对存在导热的传热形式,当存在其他形式的热传递形式时,如辐射、对流和传质等多种传热形式时的复合传热关系,该性质通常被称为表观导热系数、显性导热系数或有效导热系数。
此外,导热系数是针对均质材料而言的,实际情况下,还存在有多孔、多层、多结构、各向异性材料,此种材料获得的导热系数实际上是一种综合导热性能的表现,也称之为平均导热系数。
【稳态导热】在稳态导热过程中,对于每一个物质元,流入和流出的热量均相等,所以又叫做热平衡。在导热过程中,如果温度不随时间发生变化,则认为是稳态导热,否则为非稳态导热。工程上许多的导热现象,可以归结为温度仅沿一个方向变化,而且与时间无关的的一维稳态导热现象。例如,通过房屋墙壁和长热力管道管壁的导热等。

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