推荐回答(4个)
柴油机期超负荷工作重负荷冒烟引起排气管壁积炭柴油机作功排废气爆发性向外排排气管壁积炭附着力强废气排冲击力作用、带着完作功热量并排形火花。
调整良好的柴油机一般不大会排气管冒火花,排气管冒火花一般原因是 供油过迟,或喷油雾化不良、排气门积碳漏气等。
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扩展资料;
柴油机排烟柴油机起动后,排气管排出大量灰白色的烟。
故障分析:这种故障一般是由于喷入汽缸内的柴油没有着火燃烧就被排出或者燃烧室内进入冷却水所引起的。故障原因:1个别缸的喷油器喷油雾化不良。2喷油压力较低。3喷油嘴有严重的滴油现象。
环境温度太低,导致个别汽缸没有燃烧或燃烧不良。5柴油中有水分。6个别缸内渗入水滴。7供油提前角不正确。故障排除方法:对于这种故障应使用断缸法进行判断,通过逐缸进行断油检查,找出不正常的汽缸和损坏的部件。
1首先起动柴油机至转速达700r/min左右,然后逐缸进行断油检查。当断开第二缸高压油管时,观察到排烟情况由原来的灰白色烟变成大量的白烟,这说明第二缸内部有故障。
2拆卸第二缸的喷油器,然后对其喷油压力和喷油的雾化质量进行检查,发现喷油嘴偶件窜油。更换偶件后,经过装配再次起动柴油机,观察排烟情况,发现排烟情况由原来的灰色烟变成大量的白烟,说明燃烧室内有水进入,应对汽缸盖、汽缸垫、汽缸套进行拆卸检查。
3停机后,在拆卸汽缸盖时发现一、二两缸的汽缸盖有4个螺母用100N·m的力矩拧动时,汽缸盖螺母就产生了松动。这种情况是由于汽缸垫示压紧,造成燃烧室内进水所致。
4重新用280N·m的力矩按要求上紧后,起动柴油机5min后,排气管冒白烟现象消失,故障即被排除
排气管诊断处理发动机起动时,排气管排出大量白烟,一般不属供油系故障。① _柴油中有水,水在气缸内蒸发成水蒸气,从排气管排出。② _气缸盖螺栓松动或气缸垫冲坏,使冷却水进入气缸。③ _气缸体或气缸盖的某处有沙眼或裂纹,水进入气缸蒸发排出。
⑵ _诊断与处理方法①用手接近排气管消声器出口处,手上潮湿留有水珠,则确认有水进入气缸。清除高、低压油路中的水分;再将油箱的放污螺塞打开放出油箱中的水,最后用清洁柴油冲洗油箱。
③打开水箱盖,按起动机按钮的同时观察加水口的水面是否冒气泡。如果机油中有水,或加水口的水面有气泡冒出,则说明冷却水进入气缸内。
④在拆卸缸盖前,应先检查每一个螺栓的松紧度,如有松动的螺栓,拧紧后再查看是否漏水。若仍漏水,再进行下一步检查。
⑤进一步查找具体漏水部位,可向水箱充气,压力不大于200kPa,打开油底壳,在发动机底部察看漏水处;再打开缸盖查看缸盖底部和气缸垫,检查故障部位。对于有向缸内漏水的部件,采取换件维修或更换新总成的方法。
参考资料;百度百科-柴油机
参考资料;百度百科-排气管
柴油机长期超负荷工作。重负荷的冒烟会引起排气管壁积炭,此时柴油机作功时排出的废气,是爆发性地向外排出!当排气管壁上的积炭附着力不是很强的,在废气排出冲击力的作用下、带着完成作功后的热量一并排出,形成火花。而这种情况对机器没有影响,请放心好了
两种情况:1 发动机油泵喷嘴进油量太大或者汽缸空气进气量不足,造成燃油燃烧不彻底,在排气的过程中持续燃烧。这种情况原因很多,燃油品质、油泵、进气管堵塞、滤芯器阻塞、滤芯器老化等等;2 发动机气缸内及排气口部分和排气管内有大量积碳,在排气过程中高温高压气体把积碳微粒混合在废气中燃烧。这种情况原因有燃油品质、进油量、进气量、活塞串油、排气管内有异物等等。
不管是那种情况,对发动机的损害都是很明显的,使用过程中都会出现动力不稳定性
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