表句从句就是"表句是个句子",同理,宾语从句,定语从句都这样理解.
表语从句放在连系动词之后,充当复合句中的表语/
下面是我找到的材料,参考一下吧.
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基本概念
1. 定义:用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
2. 构成:关联词+简单句
3. 引导表语从句的关联词的种类:
(1) 从属连词that。如:
The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
(2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如:
He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。
注:从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句,但as if却可引导表语从句,如:
All this was over twenty years ago, but it´s as if it was only yesterday.
这都是20多年前的事了,但宛如昨天一样。
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如:
It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。
(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
连接副词 where, when, how, why。
如:The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
重点疑难
1. 连词because可引导表语从句。如:
I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。
2. 在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示,should可省略。如:
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
明白表语自然就明白表语从句是什么了。
表语是仅用在主系表结构中的成分,或可替代主语,或可说明主语在某一方面的属性。这一点我记得在前几天已经回答过一次了。
如:He is a student.这就是一个主系表机构,student就是表语。
而表语从句就是使用从句充当表语,构成主系表结构的复合句。而表语从句的连词一般使用名词性连词,如what等。
如 This is what we are doing these days.
其中what连接的从句就是一句典型的表语从句。
其实就像其他从句一样,表语从句就是用一句从句来代替原本简单句中的一个成分。
5.1 系动词
系动词亦称联系动词(Link Verb),作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
说明:
有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如:
He fell ill yesterday.
他昨天病了。(fell是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。)
He fell off the ladder.
他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词,单独作谓语。
1)状态系动词
用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:
He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)
2)持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:
He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。
3)表像系动词
用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如:
He looks tired. 他看起来很累。
He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。
4)感官系动词
感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet.
这朵花闻起来很香。
5)变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
例如:
He became mad after that. 自那之后,他疯了。
She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。
6)终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, trun out, 表达"证实","变成"之意,例如:
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。
The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。
His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)
That is what I have said.就是一句表语从句
就是把表语用句子代替!
表语从句用法小结
一、表语从句的定义:
表语从句放在连系动词之后,充当复合句中的表语。
二、表语从句的构成:
关联词+简单句
三、引导表语从句的关联词的种类:
1.
可接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,seem,sound,appear等。
China
is
no
longer
what
she
used
to
be.
今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。
The
question
remains
whether
they
will
be
able
to
help
us.
问题还是他们能否帮我们。
At
that
time,it
seemed
as
if
I
couldn't
think
of
the
right
word.
当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
2.
从属连词whether,as,as
if
/
though引导的表语从句。
He
looked
just
as
he
had
looked
ten
years
before.
他看起来还与十年前一样。
It
sounds
as
if
someone
is
knocking
at
the
door.
听起来好像有人在敲门。
3.
because,why引导的表语从句。
That's
because
he
didn't
understand
me.
那是因为他没有理解我。(That's
because…强调原因)
That's
why
he
got
angry
with
me.
那正是他对我生气的原因。(That's
why…强调结果)
what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时,后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导,不宜用because.
The
reason
why
I
was
sad
was
that
he
didn't
understand
me.
我难过的原因是他没有理解我。
4.
连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever
连接副词
where,when,how,why
The
problem
is
who
we
can
get
to
replace
her.
问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
The
question
is
how
he
did
it.
问题是他是如何做此事的。
That
was
what
she
did
this
morning
on
reaching
the
attic.
那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
5.
从属连词that
The
trouble
is
that
I
have
lost
his
address.
麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
6.
使用虚拟语气的表语从句
在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句,谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”
表示,should可省略。常见的词有:advice,suggestion,order,proposal,plan,idea等。
My
suggestion
is
that
we
(should)
start
early
tomorrow.
我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
四、应注意的问题:
1.
连系动词be,appear,seem,look等之后可以跟表语从句。
It
was
because
he
didn't
pass
the
exam.
那是因为他没有通过考试。
It
seems(that)he
was
late
for
the
train.
看来他没搭上火车。
It
appears
that
she
was
wrong.
看来她错了。
It
seems
to
me
that
we
should
answer
for
this.
在我看来,我们似乎应该对此事负责。
It
appears
to
her
that
he
wants
to
teach
us
all
he
has.
在她看来,他似乎要把他所会的都教给我们。
2.
引导表语从句的引导词有以下几类。
1)wh-疑问词
My
question
is
who
left.
我想问的是谁离开了。
What
I
wonder
is
when
he
left.
我想知道他是何时离开的。
That's
what
he
wants.
那是他想要的。
This
is
where
they
once
lived.
这就是他们曾经住过的地方。
That
is
why
he
didn't
come
here.
这就是他为何没到这儿来的原因。
2)whether
My
question
is
whether
he
left(or
not)。
我的问题是他是否离开了。
注:if不能引导表语从句。
3)that
The
fact
is
that
he
left.
事实是他离开了。
注:引导表语从句的连词that间或可以省略。
The
truth
is(that)I
didn't
go
there.
事实是我没去那儿。
4)because,as,as
if,as
though
It's
just
because
he
doesn't
know
her.
这是仅仅因为他不认识她。
Things
are
not
always
as
they
seem
to
be.
事物并不总是如其表象。
He
looks
as
if
he's
tired.
他好像累了。