英语中形容词变名词的规则

名词变形容词：名词后加ful，如hope→hopeful,meaning→meaningful。

名词后加y， 如：luck→lucky,   cloud→cloudy;  wind→windy;  rain→rainy。

名词后加ly： friend→friendly  love→lovely。

方位名词加ern：east→eastern。

以元音字母＋e结尾，去e加ly，如：true→truly。

形容词变名词：
1.可以去掉y
snowy-snow sunny-sun cloudy-cloud rainy-rain windy-wind
2.去掉ly
friendly-friend
3.在词尾加ness
ill -illness happy- happiness dark-darkness

名词变形容词：
1．名词后加-y, 如：
luck→lucky, cloud→cloudy; wind→windy; rain→rainy;
sun→sunny, snow→snowy noise-noisy health→healthy

2．在名词后加-ly, 如：
friend→friendly love→lovely day→daily

3．方位名词加-ern，如：
east→eastern west→western south→southern north→northern

形容词后缀
（1）带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义
1)-able, -ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible
2)-al, natural, additional, educational
3)-an, ane, urban, suburban, republican
4)-ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent
5)-ar, similar, popular, regular
6)-ary, military, voluntary
7)-ice, -atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical,
8)-ine, masculine, feminine, marine
9)-ing, moving, touching, daring
10)-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish
11)-ive, active, impressive, decisive
12)-ory, satisfactory, compulsory
13)-il, -ile, -eel, fragile, genteel(文雅的)

(2) 表示“相象，类似”的含义
1)-ish, boyish, childish
2)-esque, picturesque
3)-like, manlike, childlike
4)-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly
5)-some, troublesome, handsome
6)-y, milky, pasty

(3) 表示“充分的”含义
1)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful
2)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various
3)-ent, violent,

(4) 表示由某种物质形成，制成或生产的含义
1)-en, wooden, golden, woolen
2)-ous, gaseous
3)-fic, scientific

(5) 表示方向的含义
1)-ern, eastern, western
2)-ward, downward, forward

(6) 表示“倍数”的含义
1)-ble, double, treble
2)ple, triple
3)-fold, twofold, tenfold

(7) 表示“数量关系”的含义
1)-teen, thirteen
2)-ty, fifty
3)-th, fourth, fiftieth

(8) 表示国籍，语种，宗教的含义
1)-an, Roman, European
2)-ese, Chinese,
3)-ish, English, Spanish

(9) 表示“比较程度”的含义
1)-er, greater
2)-ish, reddish, yellowish
3)-est, highest
4)-most, foremost, topmost

(10)其他的含义
-less, 表示否定，countless, stainless, wireless