古代的子时、午时……,依次是现在的几点?

2025-03-25 02:53:27
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

中国古时用地支来计每天的时辰,相对应的是:子时(23-次日1),丑时(1-3),寅时(3-5),卯时(5-7),辰时(7-9),巳时(9-11),午时(11-13),未时(13-15),申时(15-17),酉时(17-19),戌时(19-21),亥时(21-23)。
一天分十二时辰
古人计时,只根据天色把一日划分为若干时段,如天将亮时为昧旦,日出为晨,太阳正中时为日中,日落之后为黄昏,夜晚叫宵或夕等等。后来,又将一昼夜分为十二等份,即十二个时辰。《左传??昭公五年》杜预《注》,载有十二时辰的完整名日为:夜半、鸡呜、平旦、日出、食时、隅中、日中、日昳、晡时、日入、黄昏、人定。十二时辰始于何时?据考证所得,是始于漠代。汉武帝时,以十二地支代表十二时辰,代替了原先的夜半、鸡呜、平旦……。每一时辰又分为两个小时段,如子时为子初、子正,丑时为丑初、丑正……。这样,一昼夜十二时细分为二十四小时,和现在的用法完全一致了。例如:子时为夜间十一时至一时,丑时为一时至三时,寅时为三时至五时,馀此类推。不过十二时的概念,后世仍常沿用。人们又常提到五更天。究竟五更又是甚麽呢?古人常以五更为计时单位,将一夜分五更,每更约为一个时辰。初更(一更)相当于戌时,二更相当于亥时,三更相当于子时,四更相当於丑时,五更相当于寅时。往时北京紫禁城中有更鼓楼,黄昏后鼓楼呜钟108声然后起更。南京、西安、天津等城市也建有鼓楼,每夜有更夫根据鼓楼上指示的时间打更报时,可说是保存旧习的表现。

十二时辰和现代时段对照表

夜半 鸡呜 平旦 日出 食时 隅中 日中 日昳 晡时 日入 黄昏 人定

十二时辰 子 丑 寅 卯 辰 巳 午 未 申 酉 戌 亥

子初 子正 丑初 丑正 寅初 寅正 卯初 卯正 辰初 辰正 巳初 巳正 午初 午正 未初 未正 申初 申正 酉初 酉正 戌初 戌正 亥初 亥正

现代时段 23时 24时 1时 2时 3时 4时 5时 6时 7时 8时 9时 10时 11时 12时 13时 14时 15时 16时 17时 18时 19时 20时 21时 22时

24时 1时 2时 3时 4时 5时 6时 7时 8时 9时 10时 11时 12时 13时 14时 15时 16时 17时 18时 19时 20时 21时 22时 23时

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