推荐回答（1个）
“我已是死人，因而无所不知。”曾获得布克奖的加拿大作家玛格丽特·阿特伍德的新书这样开头。别误会，这并不是又一本阿特伍德式的反乌托邦小说，而是英国坎农格特出版公司(Canongate)发起的“重述神话”出版计划中的一本。他们邀请了包括翁贝托·艾柯、若泽·萨拉马戈、托妮·莫里森和中国作家苏童等在内的100位当代文学大师，要求他们“选择一个神话故事，并任选一种方式重述”。 阿特伍德的《珀涅罗珀记》选择了荷马史诗《奥德赛》，并决定讲叙述权交给奥德修斯的妻子、特洛伊的海伦的堂妹珀涅罗珀和12个被吊死的女仆。阿特伍德将时间设置为当代，地点则是被珀涅罗珀称为“这下面”的冥府。于是，已经死去的珀涅罗珀顺理成章地获得了全知的上帝视角，并得以使用当代的话语系统来“回忆”发生在遥远过去的神话。 阿特伍德的用意很明显，她要藉珀涅罗珀之口，将荷马的这个“训诫意味十足的传奇”变成一种“低俗艺术”，即“讲自己的故事”。(P4)从珀涅罗珀的出生开始，阿特伍德开始了她的大话《奥德赛》。她并不受制于“他所讲述的版本”，而是以全然个人化的女性主义的视角重构了整个故事。 而在其间反复穿插的“女仆的合唱”，尤其是“奥德修斯的审判(由女仆制作成录像带)”一节，阿特伍德走得更远：她以法庭实录般的戏剧形式，想象出一场奥德修斯接受当代法官审判的戏。有趣的是，辩护律师对奥德修斯杀害珀涅罗珀的求爱者们和12个女仆的辩护，倒更像在为阿特伍德篡改的这个低俗版的《奥德赛》辩护。而法官，则成了读者的化身。他不但在审判过程中因为“它是记载该事件的权威”而翻看《奥德赛》，更对着辩护律师轻笑道：“你的当事人和我们并非处于同一时代，那时的行为标准也和现在不尽相同。若是这起令人遗憾但不算重大的事件被允许成为本来是功德无量的事业的一个污点，那就很不幸了。而且我也不希望违背历史的潮流。因此我必须对此案不予受理。”(P152)这，仿佛就是对读者心理的戏拟。 在首批出版的另一本书《神话简史》里，凯伦·阿姆斯特朗写道：“神话，乃关于未知，关于那些起初我们无法诉诸语言的东西。因此神话窥视着伟大的沉默心灵。所有神话说的都是我们所处的世界旁边的另一平面。”而对神话的重述，则似乎是这样一种努力：它试图模糊两个平面间的界限，使人们得以在对另一平面的了解中观照所身处的这个世界。 《珀涅罗珀记》(The Penelopiad) 玛格丽特·阿特伍德 韦清琦 译 重庆出版社 2005年11月第一版 定价：26元
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