it ,one ,that 的用法及区别？

2025-01-07 03:07:02

推荐回答（3个）

回答1：

it/one/that
的用法和区别

I.
it／one
／that三者均可用作代词,
指代前面提到的名词。一般说来,
it指代同名同物;
one与that则指代同名异物。

I
have
lost
my
umbrella;
I'm
looking
for
it.
（该句中it就是指前面的my
umbrella）

I
have
lost
my
umbrella;
I
think
I
must
buy
one.
（one在该句中表泛指,
因为my
umbrella已经丢了）

The
umbrella
you
bought
is
cheaper
than
that
I
bought.
（替代词that在该句中特指“the
umbrella
I
bought”,
以区别“the
umbrella
you
bought”）

II.
one与that虽可用来指代同名异物,
但one为泛指,
相当于a／an＋名词;
that为特指,
相当于the
＋名词。所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为
a／an
／some
／any;
that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the
／this
／that。

A
chair
made
of
steel
is
stronger
than
one
made
of
wood.
（该句中one可以换成a
chair）

The
water
in
the
cup
is
hotter
than
that
in
the
pot.
（该句中that可以换成
the
water）

III.
one只能代替可数名词单数,
代替可数名词复数时用ones;
that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数,
代替可数名词复数时用
those。

I
like
this
pen
more
than
that
one.
（one代替可数名词单数pen）

There
were
a
few
young
people
and
some
older
ones
in
the
house.
（ones代替可数名词复数people）

Mary's
handwriting
is
far
better
than
that
of
Peter.
（that代替不可数名词
handwriting）

These
pictures
are
more
beautiful
than
those.
（those代替可数名词复数
pictures）

IV.
one既可代替事物,
也可代替人,
that只能代替事物而不能代替人。有时可以用the
one或the
ones代替that或those。

The
one
／That
on
the
table
is
mine.
（该句中The
one代替事物,
并且也可以用That）

He
is
the
teacher,
the
one
who
is
loved
by
the
students.
（该句中the
one代替人,
不能用that）

He
advised
the
farmers
to
choose
the
best
seed-heads,
the
ones
／those
that
had
the
best
color.
（该句中the
ones代替事物,
并且也可以用those）

V.
one一般有前置修饰语,
有时也可有后置修饰语或不用修饰语。而
that不能有前置修饰语,
但可有后置修饰语。

Cook
was
a
strict
but
good
captain,
one
who
took
good
care
of
his
sailors.

The
water
in
the
well
is
cleaner
than
that
in
the
river.

VI.
it可以替代句中的不定式或从句等,
充当形式主语或形式宾语。one与that均无此用法。

It
is
known
to
everybody
that
the
moon
travels
around
the
earth
once
every
month.

I
found
it
hard
to
get
on
with
her.

VII.
it与that均可以替代上文全句的内容或部分内容,
而one
／ones则不可以。

He
has
saved
my
life;
I'll
never
forget
it.
（it代替第一分句）

Tom
is
painting
his
house.
I
am
told
he
does
it
every
four
years.
（it代替前面分句的部分内容painting
his
house）

Let's
say
we
meet
here
at
three
o'clock.
That
ought
to
give
you
time
to
buy
everything.
（That代替前面表述的内容）

回答2：

1.one,
it,
that常常用来代替或避免重复某个名词。例如：
①I'm
looking
for
a
flat.
I'd
really
like
one
with
a
garden.
②-Where
did
you
find
your
watch? -
I
find
it
in
our
classroom.
③The
population
of
China
is
larger
than
that
of
any
other
country.
2.one可指人或物，只替代单数可数名词，复数用ones.
One是泛指，但有限定修饰语，如the,
this,
that…修饰就变成了特指。如：
①One
must
do
one's
duty. ②Mary
has
a
red
pencil
and
Jane
has
a
blue
one.
③The
new
designs
are
much
better
than
the
old
ones.
3.that只指物，不指人，可替代可数名词或不可数名词，具有“特指”性质。指的是同类事物中的另一样东西，即同类异物。如：The
library
of
our
school
is
bigger
than
that
of
yours.(that代替的是另一个图书馆。)
4．One
和that 在代替可数名词时，如果没有前置定语只有后置定语时，
the
one
和that可互换。但该名词如有前置定语，则只能用the
one,而不能用that。例如：
①I
will
take
the
seat
next
to
the
one(=that)by
the
window.我就坐窗口的那个座位旁边。
②I
prefer
the
large
box
to
the
small
one.(one
不可用that替换
)。
5．That的复数形式those代替可数名词的复数。可指人或物，一般后面跟修饰语。如：
①Today's
cellphones
are
smaller
than
those(=the
ones)used
in
the
past.
②The
students
who
do
best
in
exam
are
not
always
those(=the
ones)
with
the
best
brains.
6.the
one(ones)或
that
,those
指代某一名词做定语从句的先行词时，其关系代词which在that之后，which不能省略，而在the
one、ones
之后,which可省略。如：
①Their
problem
today
is
somewhat
similar
to
that
which
they
faced
many
years
ago.
7.代替不可数名词时，应该用that。如：The
equipment
is
different
from
that.
8..it代替上文所提到的名词时，是指同类事物中的同一样东西，即同类事物。如：
I
have
lost
my
pen.
I'm
looking
for
it.
9.it和that可代替前面整个句子的意思，而one却不能；that可引导一个限定性定语从句，代替某个先行词（单复数名词均可），it和one则不能；it可代替不定式、动名词或从句，用作形式主语或形式宾语，也可用于强调句型中，而one和that则不能。如：
①-I
will
make
bed
for
you.
–It
is
very
kind
of
you.
②Jim
said
he
had
read
my
novel.But
that
was
not
possible.
③A
clock
is
an
instrument
that
tells
time.
④The
students
that
surf
the
Internet
will
be
punished
by
the
teacher.
⑤It
is
nice
to
see
you
again.
⑥It
is
no
use
calling
her
up.
⑦I
found
it
impossible
for
me
to
pass
the
test.
⑧It
was
I
who
broke
your
window.

回答3：

one,it,that的用法区别

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