推荐回答(1个)
概述
binarysearch为在指定数组中查找指定值得索引值,该值在范围内找得到则返回该值的索引值,找不到则返回该值的插入位置,如果该值大于指定范围最大值则返回-(maxlength+1),而:
int w=Arrays.binarySearch(a,1,5,8); 查找的范围为索引值1-5,:2,3,4,5,6
8并不在此范围中,且8大于最大索引值的6,所以返回-(5+1):-6
解析
查看java源码,可以看到,binarySearch()方法是重载方法,提供了两种形参方式:
小贴士:binarySearch()方式内部实现用的是二分法查找,所以在查找前需要将数组进行排序,且数组中不能出现相同元素,否则查找出来的索引会不清楚是哪一个的:
1)默认范围(数组长度)查找指定值索引:
格式:
binarySearch(object[ ], object key);
如果key在数组中,则返回搜索值的索引;否则返回-1(key小于数组中的任意一个元素)或者”-“(插入点)。插入点是索引键将要插入数组的那一点,即第一个大于该键的元素索引。
key的值在数组范围内则索引从0开始计数;
key值不存在数组范围内(大于数组最小元素)则从1开始计数;
实例:
import java.util.Arrays; public class test { public static void main(String[] args) { int[]b=new int[]{4,25,10,95,06,21}; System.out.println("原数组为:"); for(int dim1:b) { System.out.print(""+dim1+" "); } Arrays.sort(b); System.out.println("排序后为:"); for(int x:b) { System.out.print(x+" "); } System.out.println(); int index=Arrays.binarySearch(b, 2); System.out.println("关键字2的返回值为:"+index); index=Arrays.binarySearch(b, 20); System.out.println("关键字20的返回值为:"+index); index=Arrays.binarySearch(b, 30); System.out.println("关键字30的返回值为:"+index); index=Arrays.binarySearch(b, 100); System.out.println("关键字100的返回值为:"+index); index=Arrays.binarySearch(b, 10); System.out.println("关键字10的返回值为:"+index); }}
//out:
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2)指定范围查找指定元素的索引:
格式:
binarySearch(object[ ], int fromIndex, int endIndex, object key);
注意点:
1、该搜索键在范围内,但不在数组中,由1开始计数;
2、该搜索键在范围内,且在数组中,由0开始计数;
3、该搜索键不在范围内,且小于范围内元素,由1开始计数;
4、该搜索键不在范围内,且大于范围内元素,返回-(endIndex + 1);(特列)
实例:
import java.util.Arrays; public class test { public static void main(String[] args) { int[]b=new int[]{4,25,10,95,06,21}; System.out.println("原数组为:"); for(int dim1:b) { System.out.print(""+dim1+" "); } Arrays.sort(b); System.out.println("排序后为:"); for(int x:b) { System.out.print(x+" "); } System.out.println(); int index=Arrays.binarySearch(b,1,3,2); System.out.println("关键字2的返回值为:"+index); index=Arrays.binarySearch(b,1,3,20); System.out.println("关键字20的返回值为:"+index); index=Arrays.binarySearch(b,1,4,30); System.out.println("关键字30的返回值为:"+index); index=Arrays.binarySearch(b,1,4,100); System.out.println("关键字100的返回值为:"+index); index=Arrays.binarySearch(b,1,4,10); System.out.println("关键字10的返回值为:"+index); }}
//out:
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拓展内容
array数组详解
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数组对于每一门编程语言来说都是重要的数据结构之一,当然不同语言对数组的实现及处理也不尽相同。
Java 语言中提供的数组是用来存储固定大小的同类型元素。
你可以声明一个数组变量,如 numbers[100] 来代替直接声明 100 个独立变量 number0,number1,....,number99。
本教程将为大家介绍 Java 数组的声明、创建和初始化,并给出其对应的代码。
Arrays 类
java.util.Arrays 类能方便地操作数组,它提供的所有方法都是静态的。
具有以下功能:
1 public static int binarySearch(Object[] a, Object key)
用二分查找算法在给定数组中搜索给定值的对象(Byte,Int,double等)。数组在调用前必须排序好的。如果查找值包含在数组中,则返回搜索键的索引;否则返回 (-(插入点) - 1)。
2 public static boolean equals(long[] a, long[] a2)
如果两个指定的 long 型数组彼此相等,则返回 true。如果两个数组包含相同数量的元素,并且两个数组中的所有相应元素对都是相等的,则认为这两个数组是相等的。换句话说,如果两个数组以相同顺序包含相同的元素,则两个数组是相等的。同样的方法适用于所有的其他基本数据类型(Byte,short,Int等)。
3 public static void fill(int[] a, int val)
将指定的 int 值分配给指定 int 型数组指定范围中的每个元素。同样的方法适用于所有的其他基本数据类型(Byte,short,Int等)。
4 public static void sort(Object[] a)
对指定对象数组根据其元素的自然顺序进行升序排列。同样的方法适用于所有的其他基本数据类型(Byte,short,Int等)。
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