推荐回答(5个)
解 这实际上是一个几何概型。用面积比来解决便可以。
1) 设两个数分别用X,Y表示,则X+Y<1.2的概率就是在正方形D={(x,y)|0
2) XY<11/4的概率就是在正方形D={(x,y)|0
参考图:

排序是否重要(比如1,2,3 如果这个三个数字排列(3,2,1)和(3,1,2)算2次的话就是排列重要(3,2,1)≠(3,1,2)是两个组合不能看做一个集合是两个不同组合,如果这两个组合只算一次也就是只算一个的话就是排列不重要(3,2,1)=(3,1,2)=(1,2,3)是同一组合,可以看做一个集合。排序重要选P(或D) 不重要选C 第一步(要取的数)k=n(总数)? k=n 用正常P ① k≠n 用 D ② (D是排列里面取数不等于总数 比如三个球放五个篮子里面 球k=3 篮子n=5)第二步 ①(用P情况) 取的东西是否能重复可以重复 用 P=n!(a1!a2!.....an!) a1是东西1重复个数 (五个球 三个白球一个红球一个蓝球,a1三个白球就是a1=3 a2一个红球a2=1 a3一个蓝球a3=1) 不可以重复 用 P=n! ②(用D情况) 取东西是否能重复能重复用 D=n!/(n-k)! 不可以重复 用 P=n^k 这个上面只是用P(或D)用法如果排列不重要用C 第一步(用C情况) 取的东西是否能重复可以重复 用 C=(n+k-1)/k!(n-1)! 不可以重复 用 C=n!/k!(n-k!) 以上纯手打,本人小小见解,转载请标明出处,谢谢~
甲命中概率0.7,则未命中概率为1-0.7=0.3;
乙命中概率0.8,则未命中概率为1-0.8=0.2;
若甲乙同时射击同一目标,则未命中概率为0.3x0.2=0.06
则目标命中概率为1-0.06=0.94。
解 设A表示“患有癌症”, 表示“没有癌症”,B表示“试验反应为阳性”,则由条件得?
P(A)=0.005,
P( )=0.995,?
P(B|A)=0.95,?
P( | )=0.95??
由此 P(B| )=1-0.95=0.05??
由贝叶斯公式得?
P(A|B)= =0.087.
这就是说,根据以往的数据分析可以得到,患有癌症的被诊断者,试验反应为阳性的概率为95%?,没有患癌症的被诊断者,试验反应为阴性的概率为95%,都叫做先验概率.而在得到试验结果反应为阳性,该被诊断者确有癌症重新加以修正的概率0.087叫做后验概率.此项试验也表明,用它作为普查,正确性诊断只有8.7%(即1000人具有阳性反应的人中大约只有87人的确患有癌症),由此可看出,若把P(B|A)和P(A|B)搞混淆就会造成误诊的不良后果.
概率乘法公式、全概率公式、贝叶斯公式称为条件概率的三个重要公式.它们在解决某些复杂事件的概率问题中起到十分重要的作用.
我们设交换N次后黑球仍在甲袋中的概率是an,在乙袋中的概率是bn,因为一开始黑球在甲袋中,所以a0=1,b0=0,并且,黑球肯定不在甲袋中就在乙袋中,所以有an+bn=1
这样,交换从0到n次,黑球在甲乙袋的概率分别是a0,a1,a2....a(n-1),an; b0,b1,b2,....b(n-1),bn
另一方面,因为甲乙袋中各3个球,且黑球只有一个,所以每次在甲袋中摸走的概率是1/3,留下的概率是2/3,同样对于乙袋也是这样的,这样就有:
an=2/3a(n-1)+1/3b(n-1)
bn=1/3a(n-1)+2/3b(n-1)
两式相减有an-bn=1/3[a(n-1)-b(n-1)]
这样就有an-bn=1/3^n*(a0-b0)=(1/3)^n
并且通过上面的分析有an+bn=1
所以 an=[1+(1/3)^n]/2,这就是交换n次后,黑球仍在甲口袋中的概率。
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