推荐回答（1个）
鹿是偶蹄目的1科，共16属约52种，大多数种类普遍具有的特点是：四肢细长、尾巴较短，雄性体性，大于雌性。通常雄的有角，有的种类雌雄都有角或都无角。
梅花鹿是鹿科鹿属的1种。因为身上有一些明显的白斑在背脊两旁和体侧下缘排列成行而得名。也叫花鹿。梅花鹿分7个亚种，中国有5个亚种。鼻端裸出而呈裂缝状；雄鹿有角，每年约4月脱盘长茸，其角一般到4杈为止，眉杈斜向下伸，第2杈与眉杈相距甚远；冬天毛的颜色为栗棕色，白色斑点不显，尾下部为白色，腹毛淡棕；夏天毛红棕色，有的为暗灰褐色，背部中线地方为黑色，有的至尾部黑色线变细，尾上部黑色，下部白色。分布于西伯利亚东南方，日本，中国的东北、华北、东南和台湾。现今野生梅花鹿数量非常稀少；中国列为一类保护动物。
世界现存鹿类一览表：（中文名、英文名、拉丁文学名、命名人）
普度鹿Southern pudu Pudu pudu (Molina)
驯鹿Reindeer, Caribou Rangifer tarandus (Linnaeus)
驼鹿Moose, Elk, Alaskan moose Alces alces (Linneaus)
南美泽鹿Marsh deer Blastocerus dichotomus (Illiger)
秘鲁马驼鹿Peruvian guemal, Huemul Hippocamelus antisensis (d''Orbigny)
智利马驼鹿Chilean guemal Hippocamelus bisulcus(Molina)
墨西哥鹿Red brocket Mazama americana (Erxleben)
布氏鹿 Mazama bricenii
矮墨西哥鹿 Dwarf brocket Mazama chunyi (Hershkovitz)
褐墨西哥鹿 Brown brocket Mazama gouazoubira (G.Fischer)
倭墨西哥鹿 Mazama nana
小墨西哥鹿 Little red brocket Mazama rufina (Bourcier et Pucheran)
黑尾鹿 Mule deer, Black-tailed deer Odocoileus hemionus (Rafinesque)
virginianus (Zimmermann)
草原鹿 Pampas deer Ozotoceros bezoarticus (Linnaeus)
北普度鹿 Northern pudu Pudu mephistophiles (De Winton)
豚鹿 Hog deer Axis porcinus
白唇鹿 White-lipped deer Cervus albirostris Przewalski
阿氏鹿 Cervus alfredi
沼鹿Swamp deer, Barasingha Cervus duvaucelii G.Cuvier
马鹿Red deer, Macneilly''s deer, North American wapiti Cervus elaphus Linnaeus
坡鹿、泽鹿Thamin, Eld''s deer Cervus eldi M''Clelland
梅花鹿 Sika deer Cervus nippon Temminck
宿氏鹿Schomburgk''s deer Cervus schomburgki Blyth
鬣鹿Timor deer, Rusa deer Cervus timorensis Blainville
水鹿、黑鹿Sambar deer Cervus unicolor(Kerr)
黇鹿Fallow deer Cervus dama Linnaeus
美索不达米亚鹿 Mesopotamian fallow deer Dama mesopotamica
麋鹿, 四不像Milu (Pere David''s deer) Elaphurus davidianus (Milne-Edwards)
毛冠鹿 Tufted deer Elaphodus cephalophus Milne-Edwards
水鼷鹿 Water chevrotain Hyemoschus aquaticus (Ogilby)斑鼷鹿 Tragulus meminna(Erxleben)
鼷鹿 Lesser Malay chevrotain Tragulus javanicus(Osbeck)
大鼷鹿Greater Malay chevrotain Tragulus napu (F.Cuvier)
长颈鹿Giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis (Linnaeus)
花鹿Spotted deer, Chital, Axis deer Cervus axis Erxleben
加岛花鹿 Calamanian deer, Calamanian hog deer Axis calamianensis
巴岛花鹿Bawean hog deer, Kuhl''s hog deer Axis kuhlii
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