推荐回答(3个)
葡萄叶子上的病状褐斑病有两种:褐斑病和小褐斑病。褐斑病是由葡萄假尾孢菌侵染引起,主要为害叶片,侵染点发病初期呈淡褐色、不规则的角状斑点,病斑逐渐扩展,直径可达1厘。
大褐斑病:症状随品种不同,存在差异,一般发病初期,叶片表面产生的病斑不规则或近圆形,边缘红褐色,中部黑褐色,病斑外围黄绿色,病斑背面暗褐色,并长黑褐色霉层,边缘褐色,中部有黑褐色圆形环纹,边缘最外层呈暗褐色湿润状。
小褐斑病:在叶片上呈深褐色小斑,大小一致,中部颜色稍浅,后期病斑背面长出明显的黑色霉状物。

扩展资料:
葡萄品种因素。品种间抗病性差异很大。气候因素。植株生长中后期雨水多时,病害流行。栽培因素。浇水太多,田间湿度大,管理粗放,喷洒赤霉素,枝叶旺长,密蔽潮湿或生长衰弱,结果太多,黄化病严重,氮肥太多,枝叶嫩,都促使病害加重。
病原以菌丝体在病组织内越冬,分生孢子有一定越冬能力。春天气温升高,遇降雨或潮湿条件,病原借气流或风雨传播,萌发芽管侵入叶片。潜育期10~20天,湿度高潜育期短。产生的分生孢子不断进行再侵染,致夏末秋初或多雨年份及多雨地区发病重。
葡萄因地制宜采用抗病品种。秋后彻底清扫果园,烧毁或深埋落叶,减少越冬病源。葡萄生长期注意排水,适当增施有机肥,增强树势,提高植株抗病力,生长中后期摘除下部黄叶、病叶,以利通风透光,降低湿度。
参考资料来源:百度百科-葡萄
这个应该是葡萄的褐斑病。
1.葡萄褐斑病又叫斑点病。分大褐斑病和小褐斑病两种。大褐斑病的症状特点常因葡萄的品种不同而异。在美洲种葡萄如品种康拜尔、摩尔多瓦的叶上呈现圆形或不规则形病斑,边缘红褐色,中部暗褐色,后期病斑背面长出灰色或暗褐色霉状物。在欧亚种群如龙眼品种上,呈近圆形或多角形病斑,边缘褐色,中部有黑色圆形环纹,边缘最外层呈暗色湿润状,直径一般在3~10毫米,一个叶片上可长数个至数十个大小不等的病斑。发病严重时,病叶干枯破裂,以致早期落叶。
葡萄小褐病症状特点,一般病斑直径2~3毫米,大小比较一致。病斑的边缘呈深褐色,中间颜色稍浅。后期病斑背面产生一层明显的黑色霉状物。这是该病的分生孢子梗及分生孢子。病情严重时,许多病斑融合在一起,形成大斑,最后使整个叶片干枯、脱落。
2.发病传播条件
大、小褐斑病的发生规律基本一致。病原菌主要以菌丝或分生孢子在落叶上越冬。翌年春葡萄开花后,越冬后的病菌产生分生孢子梗和分生孢子。分生孢子借风雨传播,在高湿条件下萌发,由叶背气孔侵入引起初侵染。潜育期20天左右。北方地区,此病自6月份开始发生,条件适宜时,可发生多次再侵染,8、9月份为发病盛期。一般是近地面的叶片先发病,逐渐向上蔓延为害。
高温多雨是该病发生和流行的主要因素。因此,夏秋多雨地区或年份发病重;管理粗放,田间小气候潮湿,树势衰弱的果园发病就重。一般美洲葡萄易感病,欧洲葡萄发病轻。
3.防治方法
加强栽培管理。及时绑蔓、打副梢,改善通风透光条件。葡萄生长期要增施有机肥料,促使树势生长健壮。及时排水,降低温度。
消灭越冬菌源。秋季落叶后,彻底清除落叶,集中烧毁或深埋,以减少越冬菌源。
喷药保护。在发病初期,结合防治黑痘病和炭疽病,喷1:0.7:200波尔多液或80%代森锌可湿性粉剂500~600倍液。每隔10~15天喷1次,连喷2~3次,有较好防效。由于病害由下向上蔓延,所以第一、第二次喷药要重点保护下部叶片。发病后要用10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒机2000倍、或40%戊唑醇可湿性粉剂2000倍、或32.5%嘧菌酯苯醚甲环唑(阿米妙收悬浮剂)悬浮剂1500~2000倍,一般连喷2~3次就可以控制病害的发生。
黑斑周围有黄圈吗,有的话就是葡萄黑痘病。没有就可能是褐斑病。去花鸟市场问下就知道用什么药了。以前我家用生石灰加硫磺对水在火上煮下后稀释后喷洒的。
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