三国赤壁古战场的赤壁山石上的“赤壁”二字究竟是何人所书,还有“赤壁”二字之上到底是什么字,哪本书一有
推荐回答(3个)
“赤壁”二字位于赤壁矶头临江悬岩,南距市区38公里。《湖北通志》载:赤壁山临江矶头有‘赤壁’二字,乃周瑜所书。
相传东汉建安十三年(公元208年)冬月十三日,孙、刘联军借助风势,动用火攻,大火一炬,葬送了曹操二十六万兵马,东吴和刘备的军队乘胜追击,直到南郡,曹操率残部北归邺城。周瑜大军高奏凯歌,回军赤壁,在那大帅部楼船上举行得胜宴会,把酒庆功,酒醉之余,拔剑起舞,边舞边歌曰:
临赤壁兮,败曹公,安汉室兮,定江东,此山水兮,千古颂,刻二字兮,纪战功。
歌罢,提剑在悬崖上深深刻下了“赤壁”二字,这一剑刻过万重山,据说江西庐山有反写“赤壁”字样。
赤壁溯源
相传汉高祖刘邦是赤帝之子下凡,他斩蛇起义定下汉朝四百年基业,虽是沿袭秦制,却在地名命名上自有一套规矩。当时这个规矩就是以阴阳五行、二十八宿定方位。以“赤”色为上乘。汉高祖六年治沙羡县,县令梅赤就着手调查境内山川河流,发现许多无名地名,于是就按朝廷旨意命一批地名。当时,朝廷以阴阳五行之金、木、水、火、土加以扩大推演,以天人相应,将星空与地面配合,将二十八宿对准地面九州,各有所指,分出星野。按星野,沙羡当属东南朱雀的翼、轸之间。那么一个小方城内,如何以五行、星宿命名呢?梅县令于是拜访陆水南岸修持百年的老道长骆文聪,他上知天文,下穷地理。道长摆开罗盘、八卦,推演一番后,描了地形,标注了名号,中央一山属金,名曰金紫山,五行以金为首。金紫山之东为苍龙之象,取其坑,“坑为疏庙,主疾”,取其名曰:“石坑”。南为朱雀之象,取其柳,“柳为鸟注,主草木”,在金紫山之南取了地名“柳林”。西为白虎之象,取其“奎”、“觜”,称“奎曰封豸,为沟渎”,“觜为虎道”,于是在金紫山之西取了地名为“奎觜”。北乃玄武之象,取其壁,“玄武之壁也”,取了个地名为;“赤壁”,四方的四个地名各距金紫山六十里,就这样,“赤壁”的地名就出现了。汉高祖崇尚赤色,除了“赤壁”外,骆道长又取了几个带赤字的地名,如赤博林、赤博林湖、赤冈畈、赤马港等。梅县令就根据老道长的这幅帛子图,定了县境内的重要地名。就这样,“赤壁”一名载入了历史史册,仅《三国志》一书就有五十多处提到赤壁。其后代史籍、方志更是屡屡出现,这不能不说是梅县令和骆道长的一大功劳呢。
在赤壁山临江悬岩上,有石刻“赤壁”二字,各长150厘米、宽104厘米,据说当时赤壁大战,孙刘联军火 赤壁石刻烧曹军战船,江面一片火海,把江边崖壁映得通红,周瑜率兵大败曹军后,把酒庆功,酒酣之余,提剑在崖壁上刻下“赤壁”二字,因是巨手神笔,力盖千钧,字迹竟透过石崖到了山後,映出了反体的“赤壁”二字。 其实二字为唐人所题刻,虽经千年风雨的侵蚀,惊涛骇浪的拍击,字迹至今清晰完整。二字之上有唐代道人吕洞宾刻“鸾”字形符号。两侧刻有游人诗赋,其下有明初王奉《过赤壁偶成绝句》二 首,诗曰:“赤壁横岸瞰大江,周瑜于此破曹郎。天公已定三分势,可叹奸雄不自量。孟德雄心实啖吴,皇天未肯遂其图。水军八十万东下,赤壁山前一火无。”据宋人谢枋得《赤壁诗·序》载:“予自江 下溯洞庭,舟过蒲圻,见石岩有赤壁二字”。明正统《嘉鱼县志》载: “赤壁……削壁面西,上有‘赤壁’二字见存”。唐代诗人李白在游览赤壁时写出下了“二龙争战决雌雄,赤壁楼船扫地空。烈火张天照云海,周瑜于此破曹公。”的著名诗句。
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