说说二战硫磺岛战役,美军为什么会有那么大的损失?

要分析一下美军在战役中的失误之处!呵呵!
2024-11-15 17:46:54
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

1,硫磺岛战役,日军一改过去在滩头死守的呆板战术,推到美海军火力以外的内陆据险死守。严格规定了近距射击、小分队分兵机动防御、主动诱伏等战术,还严禁自杀冲锋。而美军在此次战役中的空地协同和陆海协同也确实没有组织好,几乎是各打各的。所以美军的海空优势没有发挥出来。最后只能依赖爆破作业在地面一寸一寸地往前拱。事实证明,美军直到朝鲜战争时也没能真正摸索出对付坑道作战的好办法。
2,美军战役前情报出现重大失误,居然把岛上日军总兵力少算了1万人,而防御工事的侦查也不到位。结果贸然上去就吃了轻敌的大亏。
3,指挥官个人问题。应该说栗林忠道确实一个出色的指挥官。对比冲绳战役,司令牛岛满中将做甩手掌柜,天天躲在坑道里写毛笔字。参谋长长勇少将不务正业,整天和记者周旋,搞公关活动。两个人一心等着最后切腹了事。可以说整个冲绳战役实际上是32军首席参谋八原博通大佐在指挥。后来八原在压力下又被迫放弃了原来坚持死守不和美军做无意义决战的原则。所以说硫磺岛战役美军伤亡数字超过日军伤亡的结果完全是栗林个人的成功。同样是明知难逃一死的结果,但是态度却是积极和消极,结果自然不同。

回答2:

硫磺岛日军总指挥官栗林忠道由于日军的海空军主力在菲律宾战役中遭到了毁灭性的打击,已无力为硫磺岛提供海空支援,硫磺岛的抗登陆作战是要在几乎没有海空支援的情况下进行。栗林是出色的职业军人,曾担任过天皇警卫部队的指挥官,他意识到-----------面对美军绝对海空优势,滩头作战难以奏效,主张{{{{{{凭借折钵山和元山山地的有利地形,依托坚固的工事,实施纵深防御。但海军守备部队仍坚持歼敌于滩头,最后粟林做出了折衷的方案,以纵深防御为主,滩头防御为辅,海军守备部队沿海滩构筑永备发射点和坚固支撑点,进行防御;陆军主力则集中在折钵山和元山地区,实施纵深防御。}}}}}
  栗林决心将硫磺岛建成坚固的要塞,以折钵山为核心阵地,以两个机场为主要防御地带,在适宜登陆的东西海滩则是以永备发射点和坚固支撑点为骨干的防御阵地,[[[[[日军的防御工事多以地下坑道阵地为主,混凝土工事与天然岩洞有机结合,并有交通壕相互连接。炮兵阵地也大都建成半地下式[[[[[[,尽管牺牲了射界,却大大提高了在猛烈轰击下生存能力。火炮和通讯网络都受到良好保护,折钵山几乎被掏空,筑有的坑道就九层之多!针对美军的作战特点,栗林在海滩纵深埋设了大量地雷,机枪、迫击炮、反坦克炮构成绵密火力网,所有武器的配置与射击目标都进行过精确计算,既能隐蔽自己,又能最大限度杀伤敌军。唯一不足的是,原计划元山地区将修筑的坑道工事有28公里长,由于时间不够,当美军发动进攻时只完成了70%,约18公里,而且折钵山与元山之间也没有坑道连接。
  栗林一改日军在战争初期的死拼战术,规定了近距射击、分兵机动防御、诱伏等战术,还严禁自杀冲锋,号召每一个士兵至少要杀死十个美军。栗林的这些苦心经营,确实给美军造成了巨大的困难,使硫磺岛之战成为太平洋上最残酷、艰巨的登陆战役

回答3:

硫磺岛战役,是因为日军部署严密,再加上地形复杂,戈壁滩样地地面十分灼热,不以物美军坚守,还有山地上的阻碍,再加上美军的军备不好运输,缺乏资源,建议你去看一下历史大揭秘里的硫磺岛战役,那里解释得很详细(网上搜就可以)……希望能帮到你

回答4:

1945年,美军向日军驻守的硫磺岛展开展开大规模的登陆战。由于美军在战前出现一严重错误——情报机构对日军实力出现了错误评估,导致美军在硫磺岛战役中损失惨重,其伤亡比敌军多6000多人。

回答5:

因为日军实行坑道战术,全部人员都躲到坑道里面去了.美军的火力发挥受到了很大的限制.

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