做胆结石都有哪几种手术?

2025-03-24 11:39:58
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

胆囊结石手术治疗适用于萎缩性胆囊炎、胆囊壁钙化、胆囊充填结石及胆囊结石合并Mirizzi综合征、胆囊结石合并胆囊癌、合并胆总管结石等胆囊结石并发症者。包括:1.开腹胆囊切除术:传统方法。2.腹腔镜下胆囊切除术:具有创伤小、出血少、恢复快、疼痛轻等优点,适用于有症状的胆囊结石、慢性胆囊炎伴胆囊结石。胆管结石:1.胆总管切开取石加T管引流术。2.胆肠吻合术。3.Oddi括约肌成形术。
胆结石手术后的饮食禁忌
胆结石手术后不要吃的食物有:胆固醇较高的食物,如动物心、肝、脑、肠以及蛋黄、松花蛋、鱼子及巧克力等;高脂肪食物,如肥肉、猪油、油炸食品,油多的糕点也不宜多吃,因为过多的脂肪引起胆囊收缩,导致疼痛;辛辣刺激的调味品,如辣椒、胡椒等。以免在得胆结石,需要中药排出胆管及单内的结石成分,可以使用德浦的愈石蓪茶排出结石成分,然后术后注意一下几点:
1、要注意戒烟酒,防止胆汁淤积,刀口发生感染,从而诱发胆病的复发。
2、不宜多吃糖,服糖后尿中的钙离子浓度、草酸及尿的酸度均会增加,尿酸度增加,可使尿酸钙、草酸钙易于沉淀,促使结石形成。
3、要注意睡前别喝牛奶,由于牛奶中含钙较多,而结石中大部分都含有钙盐。结石形成的最危险因素是钙在尿中浓度短时间突然增高。饮牛奶后2~3小时,正是钙通过肾脏排除的高峰,如此时正处于睡眠状态,尿液浓缩,钙通过肾脏较多,故易形成结石。
4、少摄入脂肪多、辛辣食物。限制脂肪饮食,胆固醇升高很容易产生胆结石,要限制含丰富动物性脂肪的蛋、奶油、牛油、肝、鱼卵类等食物;少吃刺激的辛香料等促进胃液分泌的食品,胃液会刺激胆囊收缩,增加结石的发生。
5、少吃食盐,太咸的饮食会加重肾脏的工作负担,而盐和钙在体内具有协同作用,并可以干扰预防和治疗肾结石药物的代谢过程。食盐每天的摄入量应小于5克。
6、避免食用易胀气食物,不要摄取如蕃薯、马铃薯、芹菜、洋葱、萝卜、韭菜、黄豆、竹笋及大蒜、汽水饮料以及酸性的果汁、咖啡、可可等,易引起胀气之食物。

回答2:

胆结石治疗方法主要有两种,一种是手术治疗。另一种是非手术疗法,即采取中西医对症治疗、中医药物治疗等疗法。两种疗法各有利弊。
有哪些取石方法?
一、中药排石:
德辅的俞石蓪茶主要作用是消炎利胆、控制症状、减少胆绞痛发作等;仅对于极少数病人才有可能达到排石的作用,一般较0.6CM以下的结石有希望排出。
二、微创取石:
在腹腔镜下,通过里面1~2个0.5—2厘米的皮肤切口即可取石,手术过程中可视、恢复较快,轻易取出石头。
三、保守疗法:
药物治疗胆结石,有一定的消炎利胆的辅助作用,但服药排石一定要谨遵医嘱,以免并非胆管梗阻等疾病。此外,结石过大药物也不能治好。
怎样预防胆结石?
1、少吃高脂肪、高油、高糖的食物,这些食物易造成胆汁加速分泌、淤积,形成结石。
2、多注意个人卫生以及居住环境的卫生问题,防止发生细菌感染。
3、少食用土豆、红薯、豆类、萝卜等易胀气的食物。
4、制作食物时多用蒸、煮、炖的方法,少用煎、炒、炸的方法。

回答3:

你好,你这个根据情况来选择合适的诊疗方案。药物治疗大的胆结石,只是起到止痛作用,对结石本身没有任何作用。胆结石如果小,先药物排石,是可以的,不过要定期到医院进行检查

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