W·C是对厕所最早的表达方法,全称是water closet(抽水马桶),意思就是告诉别人“我要去拉屎撒尿蹲茅坑”。这种很粗俗的表达方式是英美等国一二百年前使用的。在中国传入多年,许多中国人都知道WC是公共厕所的英文简称,但实际上在国外,WC已经在几年前消失了,取而代之的是Toilet,所以会爆出老外不识WC的笑话。
WC词义本身与Toilet区别不大,但是从修辞上说,前者给人的印象是简陋、不太卫生,而后者非但有洁净、舒适的感觉,而且还可以在里面梳妆打扮。Toilet这个词来源于法语,就连法语“香水”一词(l’eaudutoilet)也和Toilet有关,可见还是很有高雅的感觉。文雅的翻法把Toilet译作“公共洗手间”。
W.C一词是wafter-closet的缩写,其中closet一字本作“小室”解。《二十世纪辞典》对water-closet的解释是:一间用作储藏的小室,“排出物”是用水冲走的。WC的意思易明,所以曾被广泛采用。但是由于人人皆知WC所指为何,因此有些人认为不雅,便以其他较含蓄的字眼来替代,如lavatory,restroom,bathroom,toiletpowder-room等字,都可以用来指厕所。在一般公众场所,厕所向例以性别区分,男用的多写上men,或gent’s,女用的则写上women或ladies‘。是以在外国人口中,WC一词基本已消失;但在很多以英语为基础外语的地方却还保留着,因为易于上口,一听之后便不会忘记,这可以算是语言上的一种特色。
去异邦旅行,我这样外国语不太灵光的本来已经足够烦恼,麻烦的是就算使用 “世界通用语言”的英语,在不同地方又有太多变种。就拿“卫生间”一词来说吧,在美国称为Restroom,到了加拿大就叫Washroom,在英国,日本等地则一般作Toilet。可在国内的英语教材上,一律是用WC,知道是个缩写,但是具体是指什么,好像也没学明白。老师当年还特意教了个动作:右手拇指与食指微弯画个半圆,余下三指直立,翻过手来就是个WC,应该为了以后国际交流应急时候用的。至于北京大街小巷的公共厕所上,也都一个个很潮流的贴上了WC牌子。但我出国的时候,可从来没从洋人们嘴里听过WC啊,想摆个老师教手势又怕人家以为我在埃菲尔铁塔门口练兰花指,所以一直惴惴不敢使用,只好憋着自己寻觅方便之所。
所以这WC到底代表什么,是从小就没学明白,日久天长,渐渐成了我人生的重大谜团之一。近日碰巧得到一位英文老师的指点,才知道WC原来是Water Closet的缩写,即是盥洗室。真是十分感动!老师看我这样虽然不知所以,还是特意找来了一篇关于WC的笑话。读来十分捧腹,凑着翻译在这里,原文附在后面:
在你不怎么能指望公共卫生设施中备有排水系统的时代,一位英国女士准备去德国旅行。
在一所当地校长拥有的小旅馆订了间客房之后,她很是关心这客房是不是带卫生间呢。在英格兰,浴室一般被称为WC,就是Water Closet(盥洗室)的缩写。于是出发前她就写信给那位校长,询问最近的WC的位置。
这位校长的英语不太精通,只好去请教牧师这WC的含义。两人一起想了半天,觉得女士一定是想知道房屋附近有没有Wayside Chapel(路边小教堂),Water Closet这词是压根没想起来。于是校长回信道:
亲爱的女士:
我非常荣幸地告诉你,WC是在离本旅馆9英里的地方。它坐落在一片松树林中,周围有可爱的草地。它可以容纳229个人,只在周日和周四开放。因为夏天很多人都喜欢去那里,我建议您尽量早点去。那里虽然有很多站立的地方,您如果习惯了常去那里,总是不喜欢这样的位置的。
您可能对此感兴趣:我女儿就是在这个WC里举行的婚礼,她也是在那里认识的她丈夫。那真是个盛大的场面。每排位子上都坐了10个人。他们的脸上是那么的幸福。我的妻子,很不幸,最近生病一直不能去那里。她最后一次去那里已经是将近一年前的事了,为此她很伤心。
告诉您一件您一定乐于知道的事:很多人带着午餐去那里,在那里呆上一整天。其他一些人则宁愿等到最后一分钟,然后准时赶到!我建议您星期四去,那时有风琴伴奏。那里的声音效果非常好,再纤细的声音您也能听到。最近那里又增加了一个铃铛,每当有人进去贡献,它就响了起来。我们最近在组织一场义卖,为了能给座位添上长毛绒垫子。
我期待着亲自护送您去那里,并把您安排在一个显著的位置,所有的人都可看到您。
您最忠实的,
校长
原文如下:
In the days when you couldn't count on a public facility to have indoor plumbing, an English woman was planning a trip to Germany.
She was registered to stay in a small guest house owned by the local schoolmaster. She was concerned as to whether the guest house contained a WC. In England, a bathroom is commonly called a WC which stands for water closet. She wrote the schoolmaster inquiring into the location of the nearest WC.
The school master, not fluent in English, asked the local priest if he knew the meaning of WC. Together they pondered possible meanings of the letters and concluded that the lady wanted to know if there was a "Wayside Chapel" near the house . . . a bathroom never entered their minds. So the schoolmaster wrote the following reply:
Dear Madam,
I take great pleasure in informing you that the WC is located 9 miles from the house. It is located in the middle of a grove of pine trees, surrounded by lovely grounds. It is capable of holding 229 people and is open on Sundays and Thursdays. As there are many people expected in the summer months, I suggest you arrive early. There is, however, plenty of standing room. This is an unfortunate situation especially if you are in the habit of going regularly.
It may be of some interest to you that my daughter was married in the WC as it was there that she met her husband. It was a wonderful event. There were 10 people in every seat. It was wonderful to see the expressions on their faces. My wife, sadly, has been ill and unable to go recently. It has been almost a year since she went last, which pains her greatly.
You will be pleased to know that many people bring their lunch and make a day of it. Others prefer to wait till the last minute and arrive just in time! I would recommend your ladyship plan to go on a Thursday as there is an organ accompaniment. The acoustics are excellent and even the most delicate sounds can be heard everywhere. The newest addition is a bell which rings every time a person gives a donation. We are holding a bazaar to provide plush seats for all since many feel it is long overdue.
I look forward to escorting you there myself and seating you in a place where you can be seen by all.
With deepest regards,
The Schoolmaster
为什么厕所叫WC:
W.C.一词是wafter-closet的缩写,其中closet一字本作“小室”解。
《二十世纪辞典》对water-closet的解释是:一间用作储藏的小室,“排出物”是用水冲走的。WC的意思易明,所以曾被广泛采用。但是由于人人皆知WC所指为何,因此有些人认为不雅,便以其他较含蓄的字眼来替代,如lavatory,restroom,bathroom,toiletpowder-room等字,都可以用来指厕所。
在一般公众场所,厕所向例以性别区分,男用的多写上men,或gent’s,女用的则写上women或ladies‘。是以在外国人口中,WC一词基本已消失;但在很多以英语为基础外语的地方却还保留着,因为易于上口,一听之后便不会忘记,这可以算是语言上的一种特色。
英文的缩写