谁帮我讲解一下有关各类从句的知识,主要是非谓语从句的语法知识。我怎么也搞不清楚,最好有例题。
我所有分都给了。希望解答详细点
推荐回答(2个)
主题: 同位语从句 知识讲解 有关同谓语从句的语法 内容: 有关同谓语从句的语法
谢谢 提交人:萧萧如风 时间:12/19/2006 22:8:36 主题: 同位语从句 内容: 同位语从句属复合句的重要内容,也是高考重要考点之一,学好同位语从句关键应注意下列几点: 一、理解同位语从句的含义,把握同位语从句的实质 在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that,whether等词引导,常放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information等名词后面,说明该名词的具体内容。换言之,同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系。 例:The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。 析:they had won the game说明The news的全部内容,因此该句为同位语从句。 二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词,准确把握同位语从句 1.如同位语从句意义完整,应用that引导同位语从句。 例:The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。 析:the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容,且意义完整,因此应用that引导同位语从句。 2.如同位语从句意义不完整,需增加"是否"的含义,应用whether引导同位语从句。 例:We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。 析:the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整,应加"是否"的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容,因此应用whether引导同位语从句。 3.如同位语从句意义不完整,需增加"什么时候"、"什么地点"、"什么方式"等含义,应用when,where,how等词引导同位语从句。 例1:I have no idea when he will be back. 析:he will be back意义不完整,应加"什么时候"的含义才能表达idea的全部内容,因此应用when引导同位语从句。 例2:I have no impression how he went home,perhaps by bike. 析:he went home意义不完整,应加"如何"的含义才能表达impression的全部内容,因此应用how引导同位语从句。 三、把握同位语从句和定语从句的区别,明确同位语从句和相似从句的界限 同位语从句和定语从句相似,都放在某一名词或代词后面,但同位语从句不同于定语从句。同位语从句对名词加以补充说明,是名词全部内容的体现,且名词和同位语从句的引导词均不在从句中作成分;定语从句对名词加以限制,是名词内容的修饰性定语,且名词和定语从句的引导词均在从句中作成分。 例1:Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.(NMET2001上海) A.while B.that C.when D.as 析:答案为B。more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities是Information的内容,且Information不在从句中作成分,所以该句为同位语从句。应将该句区别于: It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities,this is the information ____ has been put forward. A.what B.that C.when D.as 析:答案为B。that has been put forward为information的修饰性定语,且information在从句中作主语,所以该句为定语从句。 例2:She heard a terrible noise,____ brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91) A.it B.which C.this D.that 析:答案为B。分析语境含义、句子结构和句子成分可知,该句为非限制性定语从句,先行词为a terrible noise,且它在从句中作主语。应将该句区别于: I can't stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly. A.it B.which C.this D.that 析:答案为D。she is crying loudly是the terrible noise的内容,且the terrible noise不在从句中作成分,所以该句为同位语从句。 巩固性练习: 1.The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all. A.that B.what C.why D.which 2.The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability. A.that B.what C.which D.why 3.The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. A.what B.that C.why D.when 4.His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down. A.which B.that C./D.it 5.I have no idea ____ he will start. A.when B.that C.what D./ 6.I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow. A.if B.that C.whether D.which 7.The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him. A.when B.which C.what D.that 8.The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. A.which B.whether C.that D.what 9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease. A.that B.as C.of which D.which 10.He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing. A.whether B.where C.that D.when Keys: 1-5 AABBA 6-10 BDCAA
学英语给你推荐一个网站,特别有用。在网上查 大耳朵网,有很多学习资料哦。至于英语语法,其实很好学,有什么定语从句啊 宾语从句啊等,到初三老师会具体讲的,可以先买点语法书看看
1. 定语从句在句子中作定语,用来修饰一个名词、名词词组或者代词
2. 先行词和引导词
被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词;在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词。引导词语可分为“关系代词”和“关系副词”。
3. 关系代词和关系副词
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which, as。关系副词有:when, where, why。
<>注意:关系副词里面没有how。如果要修饰方式,用that或in which引导,或者不用引导词。
I don’t like the way (that, in which) he eyed me. 我不喜欢他看我的那个样子。
4. 关系代词:who
关系动词who在从句中主要作为主语,在非正式语体里who还可以作从句中的宾语。
He is the man who wants to see you. 他就是想要见你的那个人。(who在句中作为主语)
Succeed will come to him who is honest and diligent. 成功将归于诚实而勤奋的人。
5. 关系代词:whom
He is the man whom I saw in the park yesterday.
他就是我昨天在公园里见到的那个人。(whom在从句中作宾语)
作宾语用的引导词可以省略,因此上面的句子可以改写如下:He is the man I saw in the park yesterday.
6. 关系代词:whose用来指人或物(只能用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
那人车坏了,他们跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
7. 关系代词:which(1)
which指物,在从句中作为主语或宾语,作宾语时在非正式语体中可以省略。
They needed a plant which didn't need as much water as rice.
他们需要一种不像水稻那么需要水的作物。(主语)
The farm (which) we visited yesterday is located in the suburb of Beijing.
我们昨天参观的农场位于北京郊区。(作宾语,可省略。)
8. 关系代词:which(2)
当在which和that面前进行选择的情况下,一下情况要选which:
1).在非限制性定语从句中通常用which作引导词,而不能用that做非限制性定语从句的引导词。
2). 修饰整个主句。
I never met Julia again after that, which was a pity.
从那以后我再也没有见到朱莉叶,真是遗憾。
3). 修饰谓语部分。
He can swim in the river, which I cannot. 他会在河里游泳,那正是我不会的。
4). 介词 + which
They are all questions to which there are no answers. 那些问题都是无头公案。
9. 关系代词:that(1)
that多用来指物,有时也可以用来指人;在从句中作主语或宾语。
指物的时候多用that,也可用which。
It’s a question that (which) needs careful consideration.
这是一个需要仔细考虑的问题。(指物,作为主语。)
Who is the man that is reading a magazine under the tree?
树下那个在看杂志的那个人是谁?(指人,作为主语。)
The girl (that) we saw yesterday is Tom’s sister.
我们昨天看到的那个女孩是汤姆的妹妹。(指人,作宾语,可省略。)
10. 关系代词:that(2)
在以下的情况中,只能用that作引导词,而不能用which作引导词。
1). 先行词为all , everything, anything, nothing, little等不定代词时。
All that she lacked was training. 她所缺少的是训练。
everything等为先行词时,引导词可以省略。
Have you everything you need? 你要的东西都有了吗?
Is there anything I can do for you? 有什么事要我做吗?
All you have to do is to press the button. 你所要做的就是按一下电钮。
2). 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时
This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的电影中最好的一部。
3). 先行词被序数词和the last修饰时
4). 先行词中既有人又有物时
They talked about the teachers and the schools that they had visited.
他们谈论他们参观过的那些学校和老师们。
5). 主句是含有who或which的特殊疑问句,为了避免重复时
。。。太多了 希望对你有用,你最好买一本专门的语法书,系统的复习一下。再有就是平时多联系巩固。祝你成功
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