这4个头孢类药物怎样做皮试?

2025-02-22 05:23:51
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

你好:

你的问题碰到我的专业坎上了,我想这个问题由我们护士来回答再合适不过了。

首先临床上一般用PNC(青霉素)来做一般的抗生素过敏皮试,但是头孢菌素类是属于另外一种大类,需单独用来做。在这里我想强调一下,PNC和头孢菌素过敏是两种过敏,两者相互独立。但是机理相同。

现在为你解答你的提问,现在临床上都用头孢哌酮来做头孢菌素内的过敏皮试。你所举的四种药物都是属于头孢菌素类。

就以哌酮单位为例。

头孢哌酮钠1.0g

先用5ml的注射器吸取标准 4ml NS(生理盐水),然后注入药瓶当中充分摇匀。

再用1ml的注射器取药瓶中的0.2ml溶液。

再在NS瓶中吸取0.8ml至1ml,上下轻轻摇动针筒,使其充分摇匀。(注意在取NS的时候不可以使取得药液倒吸入NS瓶中,这样会使皮试液的浓度出现错误,注意无菌操作)

然后再打出0.9ml溶液,在NS瓶中取第二次NS0.9ml至1ml,上下轻轻摇动针筒,使其充分摇匀。

再次打出0.9ml溶液,在NS瓶中吸取第三次NS0.9ml至1ml。

头孢皮试液就配好完毕了。注意皮试液要保存在5摄氏度的衡温箱内,有效期为24小时。

希望我的回答能解决你的提问。我是一名主管护师。

回答2:

头孢类药物做实验都一样。1克的标准
首先加4毫升盐水摇匀
取0.2加NS0.8摇匀
取0.1加NS0.9摇匀
取0.1加NS0.9摇匀
皮内注射0.1毫升

回答3:

头孢曲松纳(1.0g):1) 1g+NS10ml(2g+NS 20ml0.5g+NS 5ml0.75g+NS 7.5ml)
2) 取0.1+NS 0.9ml摇匀
3) 取0.1+NS 0.9ml摇匀
4)取0.3+NS 0.7ml摇匀

回答4:

头孢类药物皮试的基本原则:

● 在使用抗菌药物(含头孢类药物)之前,医师首先要要求患者告之自己有无过敏史,包括过敏反应发生的时间、表现、严重程度等。医师记录过敏反应情况,为后续的安全用药提供参考。

● 对头孢类药物过敏者及有青霉素过敏性休克或即刻反应史者禁用任何一种头孢菌素类药物。

● 对青霉素过敏者或过敏体质者应慎用头孢类药物,确实需要用必须做皮试。

● 首次使用头孢菌素注射剂者须做皮试。

● 己用过此种头孢菌素者且不过敏,再次用药时仍需做皮试。间隔时间可参考青霉素:于使用后7日(儿童3日)内,再次使用免皮试(7日内口服转注射,须做皮试)。

● 采用所选用的头孢类药物稀释液做皮试,不可用青霉素或其它头孢类药物稀释液代替。

头孢类抗菌素的皮试以剂量而定。一般皮试剂量为20---50单位。
以0.5g(50万单位)的头孢拉定为例:
1,注入0.9%生理盐水2ml,此时每ml生理盐水内含先锋5为25万单位.
2,取上液0.2ml,加生理盐水至1ml,每ml含5万单位.
3,取上液0.1ml,加生理盐水至1ml,每ml含5000单位.
4,取上液0.1ml,加生理盐水至1ml,每ml含500单位.
5,取上液0.1ml(含50单位),于前臂内侧下1/3皮内注射

回答5:

头孢曲松纳(1.0g):1) 1g+NS10ml(2g+NS 20ml0.5g+NS 5ml0.75g+NS 7.5ml)
2) 取0.1+NS 0.9ml摇匀
3) 取0.1+NS 0.9ml摇匀
4)取0.3+NS 0.7ml摇匀
5)皮内注0.1ml。

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