推荐回答(2个)
链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1id03oVJoRfnMn-ZwBSDaQQ
提取码: 3uen
不正确的坐姿和握笔是近视的第一原因。这里有坐姿和握笔的讲解视频,希望能帮到你
传统观点认为,正确的握笔姿势的要点在于眼睛距离书本1市尺,胸口距离桌沿1拳宽,握笔处距离笔尖2~3cm,但这种标准姿势的推广并未能真正遏止近视发病的不断增长。他们调查了300名正视学生和300名近视学生的握笔姿势,发现正视儿童较多采取拇指与食指不相碰的姿势,而近视学生喜欢拇指与食指对捏或交叉,度数越深,采取错误姿势的比率越高。近视等屈光不正疾病的青少年每年都在迅速增加,据中华眼科学会上海分会日前公布的一项数据则显示,上海市的青少年近视眼患者占1/3,中学生占60%,重点中学高三学生高达80%,这一发病率目前还在不断上升中。
看书写字一直都注意保持标准姿势,可是近视度数还是不断攀升,记者调查发现,许多看近视的青少年都有这样的疑惑。卫生部近视眼重点实验室主任褚仁远教授表示,该实验室日前对近视眼青少年进行了一项调查,结果发现,近视眼的最大成因并不在于传统所认为的眼睛离书本太近,而是错误的握笔姿势。
褚仁远告诉记者,不仅近视的发病与采用不同的握笔姿势有关,屈光度的加深与错误的握笔姿势也相关。
原因是当儿童保持标准坐姿时,如果握笔的拇指与食指对捏或交叉,手指就会遮挡视线,使他看不清笔尖,被迫低头或头部向左歪,从而拉近眼睛与书本的距离,增加近视的发病,加快近视的发展。相反,如果采取拇指与食指不相碰的姿势,不仅书写时用力更科学,也不会遮挡住正常视物的目光,从而保证孩子用眼的科学。
褚仁远表示,根据统计,近视学生中95%左右的学生都存在对捏或交叉握笔现象,但教育界普遍关注坐姿对儿童视力的影响,握笔姿势的正确与否却长期遭到忽视。他呼吁,从幼儿园教育开始,老师就要不断纠正学生错误的握笔姿势,从源头上控制本市近视少年的增长。摘自《青年知识》
★橡皮筋固定握笔姿势★
。“首先将笔紧贴食指,笔尖和食指指尖处于同一水平线,此时,记下食指指根对应在笔杆上的位置;然后将橡皮筋在这个位置套上一圈(圈数可根据写字者手的大小自行决定),再把除大拇指外的四指顺着笔尖方向一起伸进剩余的大圈中;握空拳,做正确握笔状,橡皮筋就会帮孩子固定姿势。”蒋老师一见面就兴奋地向记者演示,并提醒:“橡皮筋不能太小,边沿最好是圆边,否则时间长了容易箍疼孩子的幼嫩皮肤。”
目前,“握笔姿势橡皮筋固定法”已在一年级四个班推广。据年级组长黄老师课堂统计,与去年入学新生“至少有1/3人握笔姿势不正确”的情况比较,今年握笔姿势不稳定的孩子减少到5~10人左右,即1/40~1/20之间。
摘自(深圳观察-《教育周刊》
参考资料:http://www.nanfangdaily.com.cn/southnews/tszk/nfrb/szgc/200509210867.asp
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