f'(x)=3x²-12x+9=3(x-1)(x-3)由f'(x)=0得极值点x=1, 3f(1)=4+a为极大值;f(3)=a为极小值要使f(x)有三个零点,则须f(1)>0, f(3)<0即4+a>0,且a<0得:-4
f'(x)=3x^2-12x+9=3(x-1)(x-3)(-∞,1) (1,3) (3,+∞) 增 减 增f(1)=a+4>0且f(3)=a<0所以-4