宾语从句中特殊的疑问句语序

在复合句中的作用相当于名词的从句就叫名词性从句。它包括主语句、表语从句、宾语从句与同位语从句。应注意的知识点为： (5)名词性从句必须采用陈述语序；(6)it可以充当形式主语和形式宾语。

宾语从句的种类
宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
宾语从句的时态
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
如：
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.

【中考范例】
1. (2004年北京市中考试题) Miss Green didn’t tell us _______ in 2002.
A. where does she live B. Where she lives
C. where did she live D. where she lived
【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态，所以应选D。
2. (2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题)Would you please tell me ________?
A. when did he come home
B. where he would play football
C. if he had seen the film
D. why he didn’t watch the game
【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际上是现在时，宾语从句在这个句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。
3. (2004年哈尔滨市中考试题)I don’t know when __________.
A. will the train leave B. the train will leave
C. would the train leave D. the train leave
【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。只有B在语序和时态上符合要求。
4. (2004年常州市中考试题)---We don’t know _____________.
---It is said that he was born in Sweden.
A. what he is B. if he lives here
C. where he comes from D. which country is he from
【解析】答案: C。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序。按照他们谈论的话题可知：他们说的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的语序不对，只有C正确。

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.
1.宾语从句的连接词
① 连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.
that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句。
② 连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.
连接代词一般指疑问，但what, whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述.
③ 连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
2.动词的宾语从句
① 大多数动词都可以带宾语从句。
② 部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句。
③ 动词短语也可以带宾语从句。
常见的这些词有: make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心
keep in mind牢记
3.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
① 动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that从句后置。
② 有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it。
这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.
③ 若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替。
4.介词的宾语从句
多数以wh-类、that,if引导从句。
有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
5.形容词的宾语从句
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:
sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
6.哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that
①当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时；
②当宾语从句较长时；
③当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时；
④当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时；
⑤当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略；
⑥当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时；
⑦当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时；
⑧当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时；
⑨当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时；
⑩当宾语从句有it做其先行词时；
⑾在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时。
7.宾语从句的否定转移
① 主句是谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,
guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
② 如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.

where is the room --I dun know where the room is
which is the best way --I dun know which is the best way
who am i .---I dun know who I am.
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宾语中做主语时，当然不用改变语序。