|a| = 3,|b|=(2+z^2)^(1/2).
a*b=2-1-2z=1-2z
f(z)=a*b/[|a||b|]=(1-2z)/[3(2+z^2)^(1/2)]
f'(z) = (1/3){-2(2+z^2)^(1/2)-(1-2z)z/(2+z^2)^(1/2)}/(2+z^2) = (1/3){-2(2+z^2) -(1-2z)z}/(2+z^2)^(3/2)
= (1/3){-4-z}/(2+z^2)^(3/2)
z < -4时,f'(z)>0,f(z)单调递增。
z > -4是,f'(z)<0,f(z)单调递减。
z = -4时,f(z)达到最大值f(-4)=(1+8)/[3(2+16)^(1/2)]=1/2^(1/2)
此时,夹角的最小值=arccos(1/2^(1/2))=PI/4.