什么样的离子会发生水解?还有双水解是怎么回事

2025-04-07 02:30:06
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

弱酸根和弱碱阳离子会发生水解。 双水解是由于两种离子共同水解相互促进,同时生成气体或沉淀,达到水解彻底。
水解是一种化工单元过程,是利用水将物质分解形成新的物质的过程,通常是指盐类的水解平衡。是盐电离出的离子结合了水电离出的H+和OH-生成弱电解质分子的反应。水解反应中有机部分是水与另一化合物反应,该化合物分解为两部分,水中氢原子加到其中的一部分,而羟基加到另一部分,因而得到两种或两种以上新的化合物的反应过程;无机部分是弱酸根或弱碱离子与水反应,生成弱酸和氢氧根离子(或者弱碱和氢离子)。物质与水发生的导致物质发生分解的反应(不一定是复分解反应)也可以说是物质是否与水中的氢离子或者是氢氧根离子发生反应。
双水解(Double hydrolysis),是指弱酸根和弱碱阳离子相互促进水解,直至完全的反应。如泡沫灭火器中的主要化学物质是碳酸氢钠与硫酸铝,互相促进水解生成二氧化碳气体和氢氧化铝沉淀,从而产生大量的泡沫。

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