英语过去式不规则变形有哪些啊

2024-12-04 10:33:38
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。如:
cut-cut-cut,
hit-hit-hit,
put-put-put,
cost-cost-cost,
let-let-let,
shut-shut-shut,
set-set-set,
hurt-hurt-hurt,
spread-spread-spread
特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。
二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如:
come-came-come,
become-became-become,
run-ran-run,
overcome-overcame-overcome
三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如:
1.
把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如:
lend-lent-lent,
spend-spent-spent,
send-sent-sent
2.
改变单词中间元音字母。如:
sit-sat-sat,
win-won-won,
shine-shone-shone,
hold-held-held
3.
以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。如:
keep-kept-kept,
sleep-slept-slept,
sweep-swept-swept
4.
过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。如:
buy-bought-bought,
fight-fought-fought,
think-thought-thought,
bring-brought-brought,
teach-taught-taught,
catch-caught-caught
5.
有的以ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如:
say-said-said,
lay-laid-laid,
pay-paid-paid
6.
另有一些其它形式的变化。如:
have-had-had,
learn-learnt-learnt,
leave-left-left,
lose-lost-lost,
make-made-made,
meet-met-met,
feel-felt-felt
四、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变i为a,在过去分词中变i为u。如:
五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词,在变成过去式时,通常把元音字母变成e,在变成过去分词时,通常只在词尾加n。如:
blow-
blew-
blown,
draw-drew-drawn,
grow-grew-grown,
throw-threw-thrown,
know-knew-known