初一下册重点语法 一. 词汇 ⑴ 单词 1. 介词：in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示"在……中"， "在……内"。例如： in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里 in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里 2). on 表示"在……上"。例如： on the wall 在墙上 on the desk 在桌子上 on the blackboard 在黑板上 3). under表示"在……下"。例如： under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床下 4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如： behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后 5). near表示"在……附近"。例如： near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近 near the bed 在床附近 6). at表示"在……处"。例如： at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口 7). of 表示"……的"。例如： a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图 2. 冠词 a / an / the: 冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple. a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。 This is a cat. 这是一只猫。 It's an English book. 这是一本英语书。 His father is a worker. 他的爸爸是个工人。 the既可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。 Who's the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是谁呀？ ------ What can you see in the classroom? ------ I can see a bag. ------ Where's the bag? ------ It's on the desk. ------- 你能在教室里看到什么呀？ ------ 我能看见一个书包。 ------ 书包在哪呀？ ------ 在桌子上。 3.some和any ①在肯定句中用some.例如： There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。 Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。 ②在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如： Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗？ Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗？ There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。 ⑵记住它们的特殊用法。 ①some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中，这一点我们不久就会学到。例如： Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗？ ②any也可用于肯定句中，表示"任何的"。例如： Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。 some 和any的用法是经常出现的考点，希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。 4.family family看作为一个整体时，意思是"家庭"，后面的谓语动词be用单数形式 is ；如把family看作为家庭成员时，应理解为复数，后面的谓语动词be应用are。 My family is a big family. 我的家庭是个大家庭。 My family are all at home now. 我的家人现在都在家。 Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长大的环境和居住地点。 house指"家"、"房屋"，侧重居住的建筑本身。 His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人。 My home is in Beijing. 我的家在北京。 He isn't at home now. 他现在不在家。 It's a picture of my family. 这是一张我全家的照片。 5. little的用法 a little dog 一只小狗，a little boy 一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。 *但little还可表示否定意义，意为"少的"，加不可数名词。 There is little time. 几乎没时间了。 There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。 ⑵ 词组 on the desk 在桌子上 behind the chair 在椅子后 under the chair 在椅子下面 in her pencil-box 在她的铅笔盒中 near the door 在门附近 a picture of a classroom 一个教室的图片 look at the picture 看这张图片 the teacher's desk 讲桌 a map of China 一张中国地图 family tree 家谱 have a seat 坐下，就坐 this way 这边走 二. 日常用语 1. Come and meet my family. 2. Go and see. I think it's Li Lei. 3. Glad to meet you. 4. What can you see in the picture? I can see a clock / some books. 5. Can you see an orange? Yes, I can. / No, I can't. 6. Where's Shenzhen? It's near Hong Kong. 7. Let me see.（口语）让我想想看。 see 在这是"明白、懂了"，不可译作"看见"。例如： 8. Please have a seat. seat表示"座位"，是个名词。have a seat表示"就坐"，也可以说take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。 三. 语法 1. 名词所有格 名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用名词所有格的形式，意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式： （1）. 一般情况下在词尾加"'s"。例如： Kate's father Kate的爸爸 my mother's friend 我妈妈的朋友 （2）. 如果复数名词以s结尾，只加"'"。例如： Teachers' Day 教师节 The boys' game 男孩们的游戏 （3）. 如果复数名词不以s结尾，仍加"'s"。例如： Children's Day 儿童节 Women's Day 妇女节 （4）. 表示两个或几个共有时，所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如： Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房间 Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸 动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加"'s"，而常常用介词of的短语来表示。 a map of China 一幅中国地图 the name of her cat 她的猫的名字 a picture of my family 我的家庭的一张照片 the door of the bedroom 卧室的门 2. 祈使句 祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语，读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌，常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾时，please前多用逗号。 （1）. 祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。 Go and see. 去看看。 Come in, please. 请进。 （2）. 祈使句的否定形式常用don't于句首。 Don't look at your books. 不要看书。 Don't play on the road. 不要在马路上玩。 3. There be 的句子结构 There be是一个"存在"句型，表示"有"的意思， 肯定句的形式为：There be + 名词（单数或复数）+地点状语或时间状语。 be动词单复数的确定，看be后边第一个名词，当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时，be动词形式为is；当所接主语为复数名词时，be动词为are；当be动词后接两个以上主语时，be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为"某地有某人或某物"。如： There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。 There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。 （1）there be的否定句，即在be的后面加上not。 否定形式为：There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。 There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。 There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。 （2）there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首：Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语？肯定回答：Yes, there is / are. 否定回答：No, there isn't / aren't. ---Is there a dog in the picture? 画上有一只狗吗？ ---Yes, there is. 有。 ---Are there any boats in the river? 河里有船吗？ ---No, there aren't. 没有。 （3）特殊疑问句：How many . . . are there (+地点状语)？"某地有多少人或物？"回答用There be . . . There's one. / There are two / three / some . . . 有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . . ---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生？ ---There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。 （4）如果名词是不可数名词，用：How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语？ How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水？ How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物？
词组总结
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump
2 （比较级 and 比较级） 表示越来越怎么样
3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人
5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界
7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去
the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树
8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的
10 ask for ……求助 向…要…（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book
11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么
12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始
15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day
16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能够…… 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开
29 be bad for 对什么有害 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……
32 be careful 当心；小心 33 be different from…… 和什么不一样
34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好
36 be from = come from 来自 37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原） 将来时
40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……
41 be good for 对什么有好处 42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事
43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 44 be in good health 身体健康
45 be in trouble 处于困难中 46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣
47 be late for = come late to 迟到 48 be like 像…… 49 be mad at 生某人的气
50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)
51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定
53 be on a visit to 参观 54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎
55 be quiet 安静 56 be short for 表**的缩写
57 be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb 59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb 61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么
65 be sure 表确定 66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 be the same as … 和什么一样 73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
74 be worth doing 值得做什么 75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句
76 because+句子 because of +短语
77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么
78 between…and… 两者之间
79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西
80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同
81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth
82 by the end of 到……为止 83 call sb sth 84 care 关心 85 catch up with sb 赶上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地
87 come in 进88 come over to 过来
89 come up with 提出 90 communicate with sb 和某人交流
91 consider + doing 考虑做什么
92 dance to 随着……跳舞 93 decide to do sth 决定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好
96 do wrong 做错 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意……
99 each +名（单）每一个… 100 end up +doing 团队的补充 enjoy +doing喜欢 102 escape from 从……逃跑 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来 105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么
106 far from 离某地远
108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人 111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her
113 get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了）
Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）
114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好
116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处 117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻119 get sb to do sth
120 get…from… 从某处得到某物 121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall
122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物 123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳
124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事 125 go out away from go out of
126 go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学） 127 good way to 好方法
128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事
129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会 130 have a talk 听报告 谈一谈
131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since
132 have been to …( 地方）……去过某过地方 have gone to …（地方） 去了某地还没回来
133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴 134 have sth to do 有什么事要做
eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做 I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做
135 have to do sth 必须做某事
136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦
137 have…time +doing
138 have…(时间)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假
139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事
140 help a lot 很大用处
141 help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面） help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
142 hope to do sth 希望做某事
143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)
144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法 145 if : 是否＝wether
146 if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句
147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为
148 in some ways 在某些方面 149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后
150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北方 （north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东 ）
151 in the sun 在太阳下 152 increase 增加
154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人 introduce oneself 自我介绍
155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间
157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样
158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样
159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样 It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样
160 It's +adj(for sb) to do（对某人来说） 做某事怎么样 It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样
161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对…… 来说是个好主意
162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要
163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间
164 join = take part in 参加 165 just now 刚才
166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语 让什么保持什么样？
167 keep out 不让 …… 进入 168 keep sb adj 让……保持……
169 key to +名词 表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案
170 key to… anser to … key 可以是答题或钥匙
171 laugh at… 取笑…… 172 learn by oneslfe 自学 173 learn from sb 向某人学习
174 learn to do sth 学做某事 175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事
176 Let sb down 让某人失望 177 live from :离某地远 178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地
179 look after = take care of 照顾 照看 180 lose one's way 谁 迷 路 181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事 182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友
183 make it early 把时间定的早一点 184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相
185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么 186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么样
187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样 188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事
189 make up be made up of (被动语态）由……组成 190 make…difference to…
191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么 192 most +名 most of +代
193 much too +形容词 194 must be 一定 195 need +名词
196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事 197 need to do (实义动词） need do (情态动词）
198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing
199 no +名词 200 not anymore = no more 再也不…… 202 not…at all 一点都不 203 not…either 表否定，也不 204 not…until 直到……才……
205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供 206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人 207 on one's way to… 在谁去那的路上 208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面
209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈
210 on time 准时 in time 及时
211 one day ＝some day ＝someday 一天，有一天
212 one of +可数名词的复数形式
213 one to another 一个到另一个
214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 215 part-time job 兼职工作 fall-time job 全职工作
216 pay for… 付……钱 pay the bill 开钱 ，付钱 217 please +do
218 please help yourself 219 pleased with sb 220 pool into = pore into
221 practice +doing 练习做某事
222 prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢…… prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做… prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿 prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意…
223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么 pretend that 从句
224 rather…than 宁可……也不……
225 regard…as 把……当作……
eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候
I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友
He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人
226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么 228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人 229 say to oneself 对自己说 230 say to sb 对某人说 231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上
232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁
233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事
234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are
235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事 see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事 236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样 237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物 238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？ 239 shock 使……震惊
240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看
242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 . 243 some…others… 一些……另一些……
244 start…with… 从……开始 begin…with… 从……开始 245 stay away from 远离……
246 stop doing 停下正在做的事 247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
七年级英语下册语法总结
一、一般现在时
1. 构成：主语+动词+其他
2. 标志词：always, usually, often, sometimes, never, 等频率副词。 3. 否定句：1)当动词是 be, can, may, must, should等在其后加not
e.g. I can’t play football.
2)当是实义动词时加助动词don’t/doesn’t后跟动词原形 e.g. I don’t like football. She doesn’t like football.
4. 疑问句：1)当动词是 be, can, may, must, should等将其提前
e.g. Can you swim?
2)当是实义动词时将助动词do/does 放在前面，后跟主语和动词原形。 e.g. Does she like football?
5. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 e.g When does she usually get up in the morning? 二、现在进行时
1. 构成：主语+be+doing+其他 2. 动词→动词-ing变化规律：
1）一般情况下直接加-ing, eg. Working
2）以不发音e结尾的去e加-ing, eg. Taking
3）以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音字母加-ing, eg. Stopping 4）特殊变化, lie—lying
3. 标志词：look, listen, now, at the moment, it’s…o’clock… 4. 否定句：be动词后加not
e.g. She is not listening to music. 5. 疑问句：将be动词提前
e.g . Is she listening to music?
6. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 e.g What is she doing now? 三、将来时
1. 构成：主语+be going to+动词原形 主语＋will＋动词原形
2. 标志词：tomorrow, next day/month/year等表示将来的时间 3. 否定句：be动词后加not；will后加not
e.g. He is not going to have a piano lesson this weekend. He will not have a piano lesson this weekend. 4. 疑问句：将be动词提前；将will提前
e.g. Is he going to have a piano lesson this weekend? Will he going to have a piano lesson this weekend?
5. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 What are you going to do tomorrow?\ What will you do tomorrow? 四、过去时
1. 构成：主语+动词过去时+其他
2. 标志词：yesterday, just now, …ago, this morning, when I was young,last…等 3. 动词→动词过去式变化规律：
1）一般动词结尾加-ed, e.g. Walk--walked 2）以字母e结尾的动词加- d, e.g. Live--lived
3）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i加-ed, e.g. Hurry—hurried
4）以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音字母加-ed, eg. Stop –stopped 特殊变化详见课本P172
4. 否定句：1）动词be过去式后直接加not
e.g. I was not in Chengdu last year.
2) 当是实义动词时，加助动词didn’t后跟动词原形
5．There will be a basketball match tomorrow, won’t
there?
★ 值得注意的是有时英语的谓语动词并不用否定式（即没加上not），而是用上了―never, little, few, hardly, nothing, nobody‖等表否定意义的词，后半部分应用肯定疑问式。 ① You have never been to Beijing, have you? ② Mr. Fat has few friends here, does he? ③ There is little milk in the bottle, is there? ④ He could do nothing, could he? 练习：
完成下列反意疑问句：
1. Mary listened to pop music,______ ______? 2. He has never been to Shanghai_____ _____? 3.He has few friends at school,______ _______? 4.The music sounds beautiful,_______ _______? 5.You can’t dance to jazz,______ _____? 6.They weren’t at the concert,______ _______? 7.Let’s stop writing,_______ _______? 8.Don’t be late,_______ ________? 五、动词不定式
动词不定式是初中英语的语法重点之一，也是每年中考英语试题的考点之一。它是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为＂to+动词原形＂，to为动词不定式的符号，本身无意义。动词不定式具有两大特点：
1.具有动词的特点，因此，后面可以跟表语、宾语或状语，构成动词不定式短语。
2.具有名词、形容词或副词的特点，可以在句子中用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、表语及同位语等。 （一）、动词不定式作主语
( ) 1. It's hard for us ______English well.
A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning
( )2. It's very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup. A. for， of B. of， for
C. to， for D. of， to
［简析］动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有：(1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.(3)It takes sb some time to do sth.(4)It is +名词短语(for sb)to do sth.
句式(1)中常用nice， kind， clever， good， right， wrong， foolish， careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质；句式(2)中常用hard， difficult， easy， important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。 （二）、动词不定式作宾语 ( )1. He wants ______ some vegetables.
A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys
( )2. Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school.
A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking ( )3. He found it very difficult ______.
A. sleeping B. sleeps C. slept D. to fall asleep
［简析］在want， like， agree， hope， wish， learn， begin， start， decide， hate， choose， forget， remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。
（三）、动词不定式作宾语补足语
( )1. Robert often asks us ______ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.
A. help him B. to help him with
B. C. to help with D. helps him with
( )2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends ______ Chinese food.
A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked
［简析］不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask， teach， expect， tell， allow 等。
（四）、动词不定式作状语 ( )1. She went ______ her teacher.
A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing
( )2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best ______ English well.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns
［简析］go， come， try， do / try one's best等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。 ( )3. I'm sorry ______ that. A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear ( )4. I'm sorry ______ you.
A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled
( )5. My mother was very glad ______ her old friend.
A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets
［简析］＂be +形容词+ to do sth＂结构中的不定式作状语，常表示原因或方式。 （五）、动词不定式作定语 ( )1. Would you like something ______? A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks ( )2. I have a lot of homework ______. A. do B. doing C. did D. to do ( )3. He is not an easy man ______. A. get on B. to get on
C. get on with D. to get on with
［简析］不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系；如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。 （六）、不带to的动词不定式 ( )1. We saw him ______ the building and go upstairs. A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered
( )2. So much work usually makes them ______ very tired. A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel
( )3. Your father is sleeping. You'd better______.
A. not wake up him B. not to wake up him C. not wake him up D. not to wake him up
［简析］1.在see， watch， hear， feel等感官动词和make， have， let等使役动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式不带to.
2.在＂had better＂后面接不带to的不定式。 （七）、动词不定式的否定形式
( )1. The old man told the child ______ noisy.
A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not
( )2. There is going to ______ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try ______ late. A. have， not to be B. have， not be
C. be， not to be D. be， not be
［简析］动词不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符号to的前面加上not，如果是不带to的不定式就直接在动词原形前面加上not.
（八）、某些动词后面接不定式和接动词-ing形式的区别 ( )1. Please stop ______ a rest if you feel tired. A. to have B. having C. have D. has
( )2. ——Why didn't you buy some bread on your way home?
——Sorry, I forgot ______ some money with me. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took ( )3. ——Let's have a rest, shall we?
——Not now, I can't stop ______ the letters.
A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write
4. Jim was badly hurt, so he had to stop ______ (walk). 六、双宾语用法要点
此结构由主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）组成。如， He brings me cookies every day.
She made me a beautiful dress. 但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for,如， He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me.
用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。 用for侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。
常跟双宾语的动词有：
（需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, return, send, show, teach,等。
（需借助for 的）buy, call, cook, choose, draw, get, make, sing,等。
内容全部来源于网络收集，如有侵权，请联系网站删除：QQ：24596024